Q.Write the symptoms of cretinism.

Because hormone levels must stay within a working range, both hyposecretion and hypersecretion of any endocrine gland cause distinct, recognisable disorders. Growth hormone: too little in childhood causes dwarfism, too much in childhood causes gigantism, and too much in adulthood causes acromegaly. Thyroid: too much causes Grave's disease (thyrotoxicosis, raised BMR, exophthalmos), too little causes simple goitre (in adults), cretinism (from infancy) or myxedema (adult-onset). Parathyroid: too little causes tetany (hypocalcemia, muscle spasms), too much causes hyperparathyroidism (bone demineralisation). Adrenal cortex: too little causes Addison's disease (hypotension, hyperpigmentation), too much cortisol caus …