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Mathematics · Ch 6 — Applications of Vector Algebra

Equation of the Line of Intersection of Two Planes

6.8.14

Equation of the Line of Intersection of Two Planes

Let r⃗⋅n⃗=p\vec r\cdot\vec n=p and r⃗⋅m⃗=q\vec r\cdot\vec m=q be two non-parallel planes, so n⃗,m⃗\vec n,\vec m are normal to them respectively. The line where they meet must be perpendicular to BOTH normals — hence it is parallel to n⃗×m⃗\vec n\times\vec m.

To locate a specific point on that line, write the two planes in Cartesian form a1x+b1y+c1z=pa_1x+b_1y+c_1z=p and a2x+b2y+c2z=qa_2x+b_2y+c_2z=q. The line of intersection meets at least one coordinate plane; for simplicity, suppose it meets z=0z=0. Substituting z=0z=0 into both plane equations gives a 2×22\times2 linear system a1x+b1y=p, a2x+b2y=qa_1x+b_1y=p,\ a_2x+b_2y=q; solving it gives one point (x1,y1,0)(x_1,y_1,0) on the line of intersection. …