Q.Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
A. If both A and R are true and R is correct explanation for A
B. If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation for A
C. If A is true but R is false
D. If both A and R are false. I. Assertion: In bee society, all the members are diploid except drones.
Reason: Drones are produced by parthenogenesis.
A B C D II. Assertion: Offsprings produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent.
Reason: Asexual reproduction involves only mitosis and no meiosis.
A B C D III. Assertion: Viviparous animals give better protection to their offsprings.
Reason: They lay their eggs in the safe places of the environment.
A B C D

Step 1. Evaluate Assertion I. 'In bee society, all the members are diploid except drones' is TRUE - queens and worker bees develop from fertilized (diploid) eggs, while drones alone are the exception.

Step 2. Evaluate Reason I. 'Drones are produced by parthenogenesis' is TRUE - the chapter states directly that in honeybees, unfertilized eggs develop into drones (males), which is exactly parthenogenesis.

Step 3. Check the link for I. Because drones develop from an unfertilized egg (parthenogenesis) rather than a fertilized one, they inherit only a single (maternal) chromosome set and so remain haploid, unlike every diploid bee produced from a fertilized egg - the Reason directly explains why drones are the sole diploid exception the Assertion describes. This matches option A.

Step 4. Evaluate Assertion II. 'Offsprings produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent' is TRUE - this is the defining feature of asexual (uniparental) reproduction covered throughout the chapter.

Step 5. Evaluate Reason II. 'Asexual reproduction involves only mitosis and no meiosis' is TRUE for the fission, budding, fragmentation and regeneration methods this chapter covers - all proceed by ordinary mitotic (or amitotic) division of body cells, never by the meiotic division used to build gametes.

Step 6. Check the link for II. Because mitosis copies the parent's full genome without the recombination and chromosome reduction that meiosis performs, offspring produced this way remain genetically identical to the parent - the Reason correctly explains the Assertion, matching option A. …

Evaluate each Assertion and Reason against the chapter's own definitions of parthenogenesis, asexual reproduction and viviparity, then match the true/f …

• Assuming a Reason that mentions eggs must relate to any animal that reproduces sexually, without checking that viviparous animals specifically never lay eggs. …