Q.Statement I : Castration (or) surgical removal of testis is known as Orchidectomy. Statement II : It leads to difficulty in urination.

Orchidectomy (Surgical Castration)

Orchidectomy is the surgical removal of the testis — in other words, castration in the male. The reason this simple-sounding operation is biologically interesting is that the testes have two jobs, so removing them has two very different sets of consequences.

The testis does two things

The testis is both:

1. A reproductive organ producing sperm (spermatogenesis), and
2. An endocrine gland secreting the male sex hormone testosterone.

So orchidectomy removes not just the source of sperm but also the body's main supply of testosterone. That is why its effects go well beyond fertility.

Physiological consequences

• Sterility — with the testes gone, no sperm are produced, so the individual becomes permanently infertile.
• Loss of testosterone — this halts or reverses the effects the hormone normally maintains. Testosterone is responsible for the secondary sexual characters in males (facial and body hair, deep voice, muscular build), for libido, and for supporting the male accessory reproductive glands. Removing the testes therefore leads to regression of these characters, especially if done before or around puberty.

The link to hormone control …