Q.What is vegetative propagation? Give two suitable examples.

Vegetative propagation is a natural method of asexual reproduction found in plants, in which a new plant develops from a vegetative part of the parent plant — such as a root, stem, or leaf — instead of from a seed formed by sexual reproduction. The structure that gives rise to the new plant is called a vegetative propagule. Since this new plant arises through mitotic division of the parent's tissue, without gamete formation or fertilisation, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent plant.

Two suitable examples:

• Potato (Solanum tuberosum): The potato tuber is a modified underground stem bearing small notches called 'eyes', each of which is actually an axillary bud. When a piece of the tuber containing an eye is planted, the bud sprouts and grows into a new potato plant.
• Bryophyllum (leaf of life): The margins of its leaves bear notches, and in these notches lie adventitious/vegetative buds. When a leaf falls onto moist soil, these buds develop roots and shoots at each notch, giving rise to numerous new plantlets. …

Define vegetative propagation as growth of a new plant from a non-seed vegetative structure via mitosis, then give two textbook examples (potato eye-bud; Bryophy …

• Giving only the definition without concrete named examples, or vice versa.
• Confusing vegetative propagation with propagation by seeds (which is sexual, involving fertilisation) — vegetative propagules never involve gamete fusion. …