Q.Describe the demographic profile of Telangana state.

Telangana (formed 2 June 2014) had a 2011 population of about 3.50 crore, density around 312 per sq km, sex ratio about 988, literacy about 66% and urbanisation near 39%. Its demography is marked by a young population, high urban concentration in Hyderabad, and SC/ST and tribal communities needing human-development attention.

Demographic profile of Telangana (2011 Census)

1. Population size: About 3.50 crore, roughly 2.9% of India's population, the twelfth-largest state.
2. Density of population: Around 312 persons per sq km, close to the national average.
3. Rural-urban distribution: About 61% rural and 39% urban; urbanisation is high because of Hyderabad, the capital and IT hub.
4. Sex ratio: About 988 females per 1,000 males, slightly better than the all-India figure.
5. Literacy rate: About 66%, below the national average, with a gap between male and female literacy.
6. Age structure: A largely young and working-age population, giving a demographic dividend if skilled and employed.
7. Social composition: Significant SC, ST (tribal) and minority populations, especially in districts like Adilabad and Khammam, needing welfare and human-development support.
8. Districts and growth: The state was reorganised into many new districts to improve administration.

Significance …