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Short Answer Questions · Q28

Q.Describe the splitting of water (photolysis) at Photosystem II, naming the complex that catalyses it, and state its three products and their respective fates.

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PS II's photoactivated, oxidised reaction centre (P680+) is a powerful enough oxidant to split water at the manganese-containing water-splitting (oxygen-evolving) complex on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane: 2H₂O → 4H⁺ + O₂ + 4e⁻. The electrons released refill the electron hole in PS II, allowing it to be reused for further photoactivation events; the protons are released directly into the thylakoid lumen, adding to the trans-thylakoid H+ gradient that drives ATP synthesis via chemiosmosis; and the O2 released diffuses out of the chloroplast and the leaf, constitutin …

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