Q.Is cosmopolitanism something you associate with modernity? Observe and give examples of ethnocentrism.

Cosmopolitanism is closely tied to modernity, since modern communication and travel create far more opportunities for cultural exchange than existed before. …

Cosmopolitanism -- an outlook that values other cultures precisely for being different, rather than ranking them against one's own -- does have a strong association with modernity, and it is worth spelling out why. Modern communication and travel have steadily shrunk the practical distance between cultures, creating far more everyday opportunities for cultural exchange and borrowing than existed in earlier, more geographically isolated eras. The chapter's own examples support this link to the modern, connected world: the English language's absorption of countless loanwords (many from Indian languages, like 'crore', 'desi' or the newly coined 'Bangalored', meaning to have had one's job outsourced to India) is a distinctly contemporary, globalised phenomenon, and Hindi film music's blending of Western pop with Indian folk and semi-classical traditions similarly reflects a modern, media-connected world where cultural influences travel further and faster than before. So yes, cosmopolitanism is closely bound up with modernity, though it is worth noting modernity does not automatically produce cosmopolitanism -- it only creates the conditions of contact and exchange that a cosmopolitan outlook then makes use of. …