Q.How are EM waves produced?

[!TLDR] EM waves are produced only by accelerated (not stationary or constant-velocity) electric charges. [!AN …

Section 13.2.1 explains this mechanism precisely: a charge at rest has only a static electric field around it and no magnetic field, so it produces no EM wave. A charge moving with constant velocity does produce a magnetic field, but because that field does not vary with time, it still cannot generate an EM wave. It is only when a charge is accelerated -- so that both its electric and magnetic fields vary with space and time together -- that a …

Recall the three cases from section 13.2.1 (charge at rest, constant velocity, accelerated) and identify tha …

Saying simply 'by moving charges' without the crucial qualifier that the motion must be accelerated -- a charge movi …