Q.Name the scientist who discovered scanning tunneling microscope (STM) in 1980.

Nanomaterials have actually been produced and used by humans for hundreds of years, long before anyone understood or described them as 'nanostructured' -- that scientific understanding is comparatively very recent, made possible only once sophisticated enough instruments existed to reveal information at the nanoscale. The ruby-red colour of some ancient glass paintings comes from gold and silver nanoparticles trapped in the glass matrix; the decorative lustre glaze on some medieval pottery comes from spherical metallic nanoparticles; carbon black, a nanostructured material discovered around 1900, is used in car tyres to increase tyre life, while related carbon nanotubes (graphite sheets with nanosized diameters) have the highest strength of the materials mentioned; and fumed silica, used in silicone rubber, coatings, sealants and adhesives, is also nanostructured. On the modern scientific side: the term 'nanotechnology' was defined by Professor Norio Taniguchi of Tokyo Science University in 1974, and the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) in 19 …