Q.Iodised salt is essential to prevent :

Iodine is an essential raw material for thyroid hormone (thyroxine) synthesis; without enough dietary iodine the thyroid gland enlarges to compensate, causing goitre, which iodised salt prevents.

The thyroid gland uses iodine as a key building block to synthesise its hormones, thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3), which regulate the body's basal metabolic rate, growth, and development. When dietary iodine intake is insufficient, the thyroid cannot make enough hormone. This low hormone level is sensed by the pituitary gland, which responds by secreting more thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to try to push the thyroid to work harder. Under this constant TSH stimulation, the thyroid gland enlarges, a swelling visible in the neck known as goitre (specific …