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Zoology · Class 11 Science

Ch 11Chemical Coordination and Integration — Class 11 Zoology, concept-first.

Have you ever felt a flash of anxiety or hesitation just before hearing your exam results, or noticed goosebumps rising on your skin during a sudden, unexpected moment? These everyday reactions are not just imagined — they are real, rapid biochemical changes taking place inside the body, and the endocrine system is wha…

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Key concepts

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Endocrine Glands And Hormones

Ductless glands secreting hormones that act as chemical messengers for coordination.

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Chapter contents

The NCERT structure, section by section. Open a section to see its questions, then read the concept-first solution.

Introduction

Have you ever felt a flash of anxiety or hesitation just before hearing your exam results, or noticed goosebumps rising on your skin during a sudden, unexpected moment? These everyday reactions are no…

11.1

Endocrine glands and hormones

The physiological functions of the human body are regulated and coordinated by two communication systems working together: the nervous system, which signals instantly along nerve fibres, and the endoc…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2

Human endocrine system

The human body has two distinct kinds of glandular systems. Exocrine glands (such as the salivary and gastric glands) secrete substances like enzymes, saliva or sweat through a duct that carries them…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.1

Hypothalamus

The hypothalamus is a small, cone-shaped region at the base of the brain that tapers downward into the pituitary stalk.

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.2

Pituitary gland or Hypophysis

The pituitary gland, or hypophysis (from a Greek root meaning 'to grow under'), is an ovoid gland about a centimetre across and half a gram in weight.

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.3

Pineal gland

The pineal gland (also called the epiphysis cerebri or conarium) lies deep in the brain, behind the third ventricle, and is composed of parenchymal cells and interstitial cells.

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.4

Thyroid gland

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped, bilobed gland lying just below the larynx on either side of the upper trachea, its two lateral lobes joined by a median bridge of tissue called the isthmus.

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.5

Parathyroid gland

Humans have four tiny parathyroid glands, embedded in the posterior wall of the thyroid gland. Each gland is built from two cell types: chief cells, which secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), and oxyphi…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.6

Thymus gland

The thymus gland is unusual in being part endocrine gland and part lymphoid organ. It is a bilobed structure situated just above the heart and aorta, behind the sternum, and is enclosed within a fibro…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.7

Adrenal gland

A pair of adrenal glands (also called suprarenal glands, reflecting their position at the anterior/upper end of each kidney) each have two anatomically and functionally distinct regions: an outer cort…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.8

Pancreas

The pancreas is a classic example of a mixed (partial endocrine) gland: most of its tissue is exocrine, secreting digestive enzymes through ducts into the small intestine, while scattered clusters of…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.9

Gonads

Both gonads double as reproductive organs and endocrine glands. In males, a pair of testes sit in the scrotal sac and are built from two functionally distinct components: the seminiferous tubules, whi…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.2.10

Hormones of heart, kidney and gastro intestinal tract

Hormone secretion is not confined to the classic endocrine glands — several organs perform it as a secondary, partial function.

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.3

Hypo and hyper activity of endocrine glands and related disorders

Because hormone secretion has to be kept within a narrow working range, both too little (hyposecretion) and too much (hypersecretion) of any hormone can cause serious disease.

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview
11.4

Mechanism of hormone action

Hormone concentration in the blood is not fixed — it rises and falls according to the body's needs, and this is controlled by feedback mechanisms that act on the hypothalamus, the pituitary, or both,…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview

EVALUATION

The Evaluation section brings together objective (multiple-choice) and short/long-answer questions covering endocrine gland structure, hormone identity and function, the hypothalamus-pituitary axis, f…

+Evaluation30 questions
  1. Q1The maintenance of constant internal environment is referred as a. Regulation b. homeostasis c. co-ordination d. hormonal controlFree
  2. Q2Which of the following are exclusive endocrine glands? a. Thymus and testis b. adrenal and ovary c. parathyroid and adrenal d. pancreas and…Free
  3. Q3Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland? a. thyroxine b. insulin c. oestrogen d. glucocorticoi…Free
  4. Q4Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is controlled by a. Luteinising hormone b. Follicle stimulating hormone c. FSH and prolactin d. GH and p…Preview
  5. Q5Serum calcium level is regulated by a. Thyroxine b. FSH c. Pancreas d. Thyroid and parathyroidPreview
  6. Q6Iodised salt is essential to prevent a. rickets b. scurvy c. goitre d. acromegalyPreview
  7. Q7Which of the following gland is related with immunity? a. Pineal gland b. adrenal gland c. thymus d. parathyroid glandPreview
  8. Q8Which of the following statement about sex hormones is correct? a. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells under the influence of luteinizi…Preview
  9. Q9Hypersecretion of GH in children leads to a. Cretinism b. Gigantism c. Graves disease d. TetanyPreview
  10. Q10A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is…Preview
  11. Q11The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the a. Dendrites of neuro hypophysis b. Axons of neur…Preview
  12. Q12Comment on homeostasis.Preview
  13. Q13Which one of the following statement is correct a. Calcitonin and thymosin are thyroid hormones b. Pepsin and prolactin are secreted in stom…Preview
  14. Q14Which of the given option shows all wrong statements for thyroid gland Statements (i) It inhibits process of RBC formation (ii) It helps in…Preview
  15. Q15Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  16. Q16Write the role of oestrogen in ovulation.Preview
  17. Q17Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.Preview
  18. Q18Write the causes for diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.Preview
  19. Q19Specify the symptoms of acromegalyPreview
  20. Q20Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  21. Q21Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.Preview
  22. Q22Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.Preview
  23. Q23Differentiate hyperglycemia from hypoglycemia.Preview
  24. Q24Write the functions of (CCK) Cholecystokinin.Preview
  25. Q25Growth hormone is important for normal growth. Justify the statement.Preview
  26. Q26Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  27. Q27Comment on the functions of adrenalin.Preview
  28. Q28Predict the effects of removal of pancreas from the human body.Preview
  29. Q29Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.Preview
  30. Q30Write a detailed account of gastro intestinal tract hormones.Preview

Sample & Board Papers

Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.

+Show 18 questions18 questions
  1. Q1Which of the following hormones are secreted by Kidney? (i) Renin (ii) Gastrin (iii) Calcitriol (iv) Secretin (a) (ii) and (iii) (b) (ii) an…Preview
  2. Q2Which of the following disease is not caused by iodine or thyroxine deficiency? (a) Sporodic goitre (b) Exophthalmic goitre (c) Simple goitr…Preview
  3. Q3Provide an account on hyperglycemia and its related disorder.Preview
  4. Q4The structure which connects the hypothalamus with anterior lobe of pituitary gland is the __________. (a) Dendrites of neurohypophysis (b)…Preview
  5. Q5________ is the largest endocrine gland in the body. (a) Pineal gland (b) Pituitary (c) Adrenal gland (d) ThyroidPreview
  6. Q6Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.Preview
  7. Q7What are referred as '3F hormone' ? Give reasons.Preview
  8. Q8ADH is controlled by both positive and negative feedback mechanisms. Explain the conditions for these two mechanisms.Preview
  9. Q9Iodised salt is essential to prevent : (a) Goitre (b) Rickets (c) Acromegaly (d) ScurvyPreview
  10. Q10The hormone which regulates sleep and wake cycle is : (a) Insulin (b) ADH (c) Thyroxine (d) MelatoninPreview
  11. Q11Write the symptoms of cretinism.Preview
  12. Q12Which of the following gland is related with immunity? (a) thymus gland (b) pineal gland (c) parathyroid gland (d) adrenal glandPreview
  13. Q13Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.Preview
  14. Q14Hyper secretion of growth hormone in children leads to: (a) Grave's disease (b) Cretinism (c) Tetany (d) GigantismPreview
  15. Q15Which one of the following statement is correct? (a) Secretin and Rhodopsin are polypeptide hormones. (b) Calcitonin and Thymosin are thyroi…Preview
  16. Q16Name the layers of Adrenal Cortex.Preview
  17. Q17Iodised salt is essential to prevent : (a) Goitre (b) Rickets (c) Acromegaly (d) ScurvyPreview
  18. Q18(a) Explain the heart's role in secreting a hormone that regulates renal function ? What hormone is this ? **OR** (b) What are the functions…Preview