Q.How is the two-stage process of protein synthesis advantageous?
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Step 1. By copying DNA into an intermediate RNA molecule first, rather than translating DNA directly into protein, a single gene can be transcribed into many mRNA copies, and each of those mRNA copies can in turn be translated many times over, greatly amplifying the amount of protein product obtainable from one original DNA sequence.
Step 2. Having two separate stages also creates two separate points at which the cell can independently regulate gene expression -- controlling how much mRNA is made (transcriptional control) and, separately, controlling how efficiently that mRNA is translated (translational control) -- giving the cell far more precise, flexible control over protein output than a single combined step would allow. …
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