Ecosan Toilets

An average Indian individual generates about 150 litres of wastewater daily, and a large share of this comes specifically from toilets. Ecological sanitation (EcoSan) is a sustainable system for handling human excreta that relies on dry composting toilets rather than conventional water-flush systems. EcoSan toilets serve a double purpose: they reduce overall wastewater generation, and they also generate a natural fertilizer from recycled human excreta that serves as an excellent substitute for chemical fertilizers. The approach is built on the principle of recovering and recycling nutrients from human excreta to create a valuable input for agriculture, rather than treating that excreta purely as waste to be flushed away and processed at cost. EcoSan toilets are already in practical use in several parts of both India and Sri Lanka, making this section's closing example a genuinely implemented, low-cost sanitation solution rather than a purely t …