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Exercise: Inverse of a Function · Q24

Q.Show that f:R→Rf : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} defined by f(x)=x2f(x) = x^2 is not invertible. Restrict the domain and codomain suitably to obtain an invertible function, and find its inverse.

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Not invertible as stated: f(x)=x2f(x)=x^2 on R→R\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R} is not one-one (f(2)=f(−2)=4f(2)=f(-2)=4) and not onto (negative yy are never attained). Since invertibility requires bijectivity (Section 6), ff has no inverse on this domain/codomain.

Restriction: take f:[0,∞)→[0,∞)f:[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty), f(x)=x2f(x)=x^2. On x≥0x\geq0, squaring is strictly increasing, so it is one-one; and every y≥0y\geq0 has the preimage x=y≥0x=\sqrt{y}\geq0, so it is onto. Hence this restricted ff is a bijection, and invertible. …

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