Q.Explain the achievements and limitations of the Green Revolution.

A balanced answer needs both sides — what the Green Revolution achieved, and where it fell short.

Achievements:

1. Transformed India from a food-deficit, import-dependent country into one broadly self-sufficient in foodgrains, and later a net exporter of items such as rice.
2. Substantially raised yields per hectare of wheat and rice in the adopting regions.
3. Built up comfortable buffer stocks of foodgrains, strengthening food security and the public distribution system.
4. Raised farm incomes in adopting areas and strengthened backward linkages to the fertiliser and farm-machinery industries.

Limitations:

1. Regional imbalance — benefits concentrated in already well-irrigated, resource-rich states (e.g., Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh), widening regional disparities.
2. Crop imbalance — the package worked best for wheat and rice, so area/attention shifted somewhat away from coarse cereals, pulses and oilseeds.
3. Interpersonal inequality — farmers with larger holdings, credit access and assured irrigation could adopt the technology faster than small and marginal farmers, widening income gaps within the farming community. …

An answer that lists only achievements (or only limitations) loses marks — the question specifically asks for bo …