On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any five of the following seven geographical fea

Question 15 of 21

Q. On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any five of the following seven geographical features with appropriate symbols : (30.1) A state with highest level of urbanization (30.2) A city with more than 10 million population in Maharashtra (30.3) A state leading in the production of tea (30.4) Mayurbhanj - iron-ore mines (30.5) Balaghat - manganese mines (30.6) Kochi - seaport (30.7) Ahmedabad - Airport [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.30 (answer any five): (30.1) Mention the state having highest level of urbanization. (30.2) Name the city of West Bengal having more than 10 million population. (30.3) Which state leads in the production of tea? (30.4) In which state are Mayurbhanj iron-ore mines located? (30.5) Name the state where Shimoga manganese mines are located. (30.6) Along which coast is Kochi seaport located? (30.7) Name one international airport located in Gujarat.]

CBSECBSE Class XII Board 2023Subjective· 5mImportance★★★★★

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Concept understanding — Map Interpretation

Map Interpretation: A First Look

The Intuition — Why "Map"?

Imagine you have a real-world city (say, New Delhi) and a paper map of that city. The map is not the city itself — it's a representation. Every point on the map corresponds to exactly one point in the real city. And every point in the real city has a spot on the map (if the map is complete).

Now, think of a function $f: X \to Y$ between two sets $X$ and $Y$ .

$X$ is like the paper map (the domain).
$Y$ is like the real city (the codomain).
The function $f$ tells you: "For each point on the map, here is the real-world location it represents."

That's the core idea: a function is a mapping from one set to another.

The Precise Statement

In mathematics, map (or mapping) is just another word for function.

A map $f$ from a set $X$ to a set $Y$ is a rule that assigns exactly one element of $Y$ to each element of $X$ .

We write:

f: X \to Y

For every $x \in X$ , there is a unique $y \in Y$ such that $f(x) = y$ .

Key points to remember:

Domain ( $X$ ): the set of all "inputs" (the map's points).
Codomain ( $Y$ ): the set of all possible "outputs" (the real city's points).
Image (or range): the set of actual outputs $\{ f(x) : x \in X \}$ — not necessarily all of $Y$ .

Why "Map Interpretation"?

When you interpret a map, you are doing the reverse:

Given a point $y$ in the codomain (the real city), you ask: "Which points on the map correspond to this?"

This leads to the idea of the preimage (or inverse image):

f^{-1}(y) = \{ x \in X : f(x) = y \}

If $f$ is one-to-one (injective), each $y$ has at most one $x$ .
If $f$ is onto (surjective), every $y$ has at least one $x$ .
If $f$ is bijective, every $y$ has exactly one $x$ — the map is a perfect, reversible representation.

A Simple Example

Let $X = \{ \text{Delhi}, \text{Mumbai}, \text{Chennai} \}$ and $Y = \{ \text{North}, \text{West}, \text{South} \}$ .

Define a map $f$ :

$f(\text{Delhi}) = \text{North}$
$f(\text{Mumbai}) = \text{West}$
$f(\text{Chennai}) = \text{South}$ …

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This map-based question tests knowledge of India's urbanization patterns, major cities, resource distribution, and transport infrastructure. The five answers (for visually impaired alternative) are: Goa (highest urbanization), Kolkata (10M+ city in West Bengal), Assam (tea production leader), Odisha (Mayurbhanj iron-ore), and Malabar/Western coast (Kochi seaport).

Map Interpretation: Reading India's Economic Geography

Map-based questions in geography assess your ability to connect theoretical knowledge with spatial reality. India's economic landscape reflects a clear pattern: urbanization concentrates along coasts and in industrial belts, resource extraction follows geological formations (the Chhota Nagpur plateau for minerals, northeastern hills for tea), and transport nodes emerge at natural harbors and economic centers.

The visually impaired alternative asks you to identify five features without physically marking a map. Each question targets a different dimension of India's human and economic geography.

Step-by-Step Solutions

1. State with highest level of urbanization (30.1)

Urbanization measures the percentage of population living in towns and cities. While Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu have the largest urban populations in absolute numbers, Goa holds the distinction of highest urbanization rate at approximately 62% (Census 2011). Its small geographical size, tourism economy, and historical Portuguese influence created a predominantly urban settlement pattern.

Tip

Don't confuse absolute urban population with urbanization rate. Delhi NCT also shows very high urbanization (~97%), but Goa is the answer typically expected for state-level comparisons.

2. City with more than 10 million population in West Bengal (30.2)

India has several metropolitan areas exceeding 10 million inhabitants. In West Bengal, Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) is the only city crossing this threshold, with its metropolitan area housing approximately 14–15 million people. As the former colonial capital and a major port, Kolkata remains eastern India's commercial and cultural hub.

For Maharashtra (as mentioned in 30.2 of the map version), the answer would be Mumbai.

3. State leading in tea production (30.3)

Tea cultivation requires specific agro-climatic conditions: high rainfall (150–250 cm annually), acidic soil, warm temperatures, and sloping terrain for drainage. Assam produces over 50% of India's tea, concentrated in the Brahmaputra valley. The region's tropical monsoon climate and alluvial-laterite soils create ideal conditions for the robust Assam variety (Camellia sinensis var. assamica).

West Bengal (Darjeeling, Dooars) ranks second, but Assam's dominance is unambiguous.

4. Mayurbhanj iron-ore mines (30.4)

Mayurbhanj district lies in northern Odisha (formerly Orissa), part of the mineral-rich Chhota Nagpur plateau extension. This region sits atop some of the world's oldest rock formations (Precambrian age), where high-grade hematite deposits occur. Odisha accounts for roughly one-third of India's iron ore production, with Mayurbhanj contributing significantly alongside Keonjhar and Sundargarh districts.

5. Balaghat manganese mines (30.5)

Balaghat district is located in southeastern Madhya Pradesh. India's manganese deposits concentrate in a belt running through Odisha–Madhya Pradesh–Maharashtra, formed in the Gondwana and Dharwar geological systems. Balaghat's mines supply manganese ore essential for steel production (as a deoxidizing and alloying agent). …

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Same / Similar Concept — real previous-year questions on the same or a closely similar concept, not this exact question.

CBSE 2022Set 61/1/12 marks
$Q. On the given political outline Map of India, locate and label any one of the following with appropriate symbol. (1 + 1 = 2) (I)$
(a) The State where Gandhiji withdrew Non-Cooperation Movement. (1)
(OR)
$(b) The State where Gandhiji started Satyagraha for the Kheda peasants. (II) On the same outline Map of India, a place related to the Capital city of Mughal Empire is marked as A. Identify it and write its name on the lines drawn near them.$
(1) [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.10: (I) Name any one capital city of Mughal Empire.
(1) (II)
(a) Mention any one centre related to the Revolt of 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) Name the State where Jallianwala Bagh event took place.]$
›Reveal solutionSolution

Part (a): Uttar Pradesh — Chauri Chaura, where Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922.

Part (b): Gujarat — the Kheda Satyagraha; the Mughal capital A is Delhi (or Agra).

Part (b): Punjab — where the Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place at Amritsar.

This map question pairs a National-Movement location with the identification of a Mughal capital. The point A can only be named exactly from the printed map.

Part (a)

State where the Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn. The Non-Cooperation Movement, launched in 1920, was suddenly called off by Gandhi in February 1922 after a mob at Chauri Chaura set fire to a police station and killed policemen; Gandhi would not let the movement continue once it had turned violent. Chauri Chaura lies near Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh, so the state to be located and labelled is Uttar Pradesh.

Part (b) …
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CBSE 2022Set 61/2/12 marks
$Q. (10.1) On the given political outline map of India (on page 11), locate and label any one of the following with appropriate symbol :$
(a) The place where Gandhiji withdrew Non-Cooperation Movement. (1)
(OR)
$(b) The place where Gandhiji started Satyagraha for the planters of Gujarat.$
(1) (10.2) On the same political outline map of India, a place related to the capital city of Mughal Empire is marked as ‘A’. Identify it and write its name on the line drawn near it.
(1) [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.10: (10.1) Name any one capital city of the Mughal Empire.
(1) (10.2)
(a) Mention any one place related to the centre of the Revolt of 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) Name the State where the Jallianwala Bagh event took place. (1)]$
›Reveal solutionSolution

Part (a): Gandhiji withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement at Chauri Chaura (Uttar Pradesh).

Part (b): The Gujarat peasant Satyagraha was at Kheda (mill-workers' at Ahmedabad); a Mughal capital marked "A" would be Delhi/Agra/Fatehpur Sikri.

Part (b): Jallianwala Bagh is in Amritsar, so the State is Punjab.

This is a map-based question that asks the student to locate and label historical places on the political outline map of India. The map itself is not reproduced here, so the answers below supply the correct places to be identified.

Part (a) …
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CBSE 2022Set 61/3/12 marks
$Q. On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any one of the following with appropriate symbol : I.$
(a) The place where mutiny started in 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) The place where Gandhiji broke the Salt law. II. On the same outline map of India, a place related to Capital city of the Mughal Empire has been marked as A. Identify it and write its name on the line drawn near it.$
(1) [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.10: I.
(a) Name the place from where mutiny started on 10th May, 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) Name the place where Gandhiji broke the Salt law. II. Name any one Capital city of Mughal Empire. (1)]$
›Reveal solutionSolution

Part (a): the 1857 mutiny started at Meerut (Uttar Pradesh) on 10 May 1857.

Part (b): Gandhi broke the Salt Law at Dandi (Gujarat coast, 6 April 1930); the Mughal capital A is Delhi (or Agra).

Part (b): Gandhi broke the Salt Law at Dandi; a Mughal capital is Delhi (or Agra).

The point A can only be named exactly from the printed map; the choices below are answered from their historical significance.

Part (a)

Where the 1857 mutiny started. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 — often called the First War of Independence — broke out at Meerut on 10 May 1857. Sepoys of the Bengal Army, angered by the imprisonment of comrades who had refused the greased Enfield cartridges, rose against their officers, freed the prisoners and then marched on Delhi, where they proclaimed Bahadur Shah Zafar emperor. Meerut lies in western Uttar Pradesh, about 70 km north-east of Delhi, and should be marked there.

Part (b)

Where Gandhi broke the Salt law, and the Mughal capital A. On 6 April 1930 Gandhi concluded his 24-day, 240-mile march from Sabarmati by picking up a lump of natural salt at Dandi, a small village on the Gujarat coast near Navsari, thereby breaking the British salt monopoly and launching the Civil Disobedience Movement. Dandi is on the southern Gujarat coast, south of Surat. For part II, the point A is related to the capital city of the Mughal Empire; on a political outline this is normally Delhi (Shahjahanabad, capital of Shah Jahan and the later Mughals) or Agra (capital under Akbar), depending on where A is marked. The Visually Impaired alternative asks only for the place from which the mutiny started on 10 May 1857 — Meerut.

Part (b) …
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Map Interpretation: Reading India's Economic Geography

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