On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any five of the following seven geographical fea

Question 20 of 21

Q. On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any five of the following seven geographical features with appropriate symbols : 30.1 A state with the highest density of population (2011). 30.2 A state leading in the production of tea. 30.3 An iron-ore mining area in southern Chhattisgarh. 30.4 A major area of bauxite mining in Odisha. 30.5 An oil refinery in Uttar Pradesh. 30.6 A major seaport located at the head of Gulf of Kuchchh. 30.7 An international airport in Punjab. [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.30 (attempt any five): 30.1 Name the state with the highest density of population (2011). 30.2 Which state is leading in tea production? 30.3 Name any one iron-ore mining area in Chhattisgarh. 30.4 Mention one bauxite mining area in Odisha. 30.5 Name the place where oil refinery is located in Uttar Pradesh. 30.6 Name the major sea port located on the head of Gulf of Kuchchh. 30.7 Name the place where an international airport is located in Punjab.]

CBSECBSE Class XII Board 2026Subjective· 5mImportance★★★★★

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Concept understanding — Map Interpretation

Map Interpretation: A First Look

The Intuition — Why "Map"?

Imagine you have a real-world city (say, New Delhi) and a paper map of that city. The map is not the city itself — it's a representation. Every point on the map corresponds to exactly one point in the real city. And every point in the real city has a spot on the map (if the map is complete).

Now, think of a function $f: X \to Y$ between two sets $X$ and $Y$ .

$X$ is like the paper map (the domain).
$Y$ is like the real city (the codomain).
The function $f$ tells you: "For each point on the map, here is the real-world location it represents."

That's the core idea: a function is a mapping from one set to another.

The Precise Statement

In mathematics, map (or mapping) is just another word for function.

A map $f$ from a set $X$ to a set $Y$ is a rule that assigns exactly one element of $Y$ to each element of $X$ .

We write:

f: X \to Y

For every $x \in X$ , there is a unique $y \in Y$ such that $f(x) = y$ .

Key points to remember:

Domain ( $X$ ): the set of all "inputs" (the map's points).
Codomain ( $Y$ ): the set of all possible "outputs" (the real city's points).
Image (or range): the set of actual outputs $\{ f(x) : x \in X \}$ — not necessarily all of $Y$ .

Why "Map Interpretation"?

When you interpret a map, you are doing the reverse:

Given a point $y$ in the codomain (the real city), you ask: "Which points on the map correspond to this?"

This leads to the idea of the preimage (or inverse image):

f^{-1}(y) = \{ x \in X : f(x) = y \}

If $f$ is one-to-one (injective), each $y$ has at most one $x$ .
If $f$ is onto (surjective), every $y$ has at least one $x$ .
If $f$ is bijective, every $y$ has exactly one $x$ — the map is a perfect, reversible representation.

A Simple Example

Let $X = \{ \text{Delhi}, \text{Mumbai}, \text{Chennai} \}$ and $Y = \{ \text{North}, \text{West}, \text{South} \}$ .

Define a map $f$ :

$f(\text{Delhi}) = \text{North}$
$f(\text{Mumbai}) = \text{West}$
$f(\text{Chennai}) = \text{South}$ …

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This question requires identifying specific geographical features on a map of India based on their characteristics. We will locate and name five features: Bihar (highest population density), Assam (leading tea producer), Bailadila (iron-ore mining), Mathura (oil refinery), and Kandla (major seaport).

Understanding the geographical features of India is crucial for map-based questions. These questions test your knowledge of states, major cities, industrial locations, agricultural regions, and transport infrastructure. The key is to accurately recall the location and associate it with the given characteristic. For a map question, you would typically mark these points with appropriate symbols and label them clearly. Since we cannot physically mark a map here, we will describe the location precisely and name the feature.

Here are the details for five of the seven features, which you would locate and label on a political outline map of India:

A state with the highest density of population (2011): Bihar
- Concept: Population density is a measure of how many people live per unit area. High density often correlates with fertile plains, historical settlement patterns, and limited land area relative to population.
- Location: Bihar is situated in eastern India, bordering Nepal to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the west, Jharkhand to the south, and West Bengal to the east. It lies predominantly in the fertile Indo-Gangetic plain.
- Reasoning: According to the 2011 Census, Bihar had the highest population density among all Indian states, with 1,106 persons per square kilometre. This is largely due to its fertile agricultural land, historical significance, and high population growth rate.
A state leading in the production of tea: Assam
- Concept: Tea cultivation requires specific climatic conditions, including well-distributed rainfall, high humidity, and slightly acidic soil, typically found in hilly or undulating terrain.
- Location: Assam is a state in Northeast India, known for the Brahmaputra River valley. Its tea gardens are primarily concentrated in the upper Assam region and the Barak Valley.
- Reasoning: Assam is renowned globally for its high-quality tea and is the largest tea-producing state in India. The region's climate and topography are ideal for tea cultivation, making it a dominant player in the tea industry.
An iron-ore mining area in southern Chhattisgarh: Bailadila
- Concept: Iron ore is a fundamental raw material for the steel industry. Mining areas are typically located near significant geological deposits.
- Location: Bailadila is a mountain range in the Dantewada district of southern Chhattisgarh. It is part of the Bastar region.
- Reasoning: Bailadila is famous for its rich deposits of high-grade hematite iron ore, which is crucial for India's steel production. The name "Bailadila" literally means "ox hump" in the local language, referring to the shape of the mountain range.
An oil refinery in Uttar Pradesh: Mathura …

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Same / Similar Concept — real previous-year questions on the same or a closely similar concept, not this exact question.

CBSE 2022Set 61/1/12 marks
$Q. On the given political outline Map of India, locate and label any one of the following with appropriate symbol. (1 + 1 = 2) (I)$
(a) The State where Gandhiji withdrew Non-Cooperation Movement. (1)
(OR)
$(b) The State where Gandhiji started Satyagraha for the Kheda peasants. (II) On the same outline Map of India, a place related to the Capital city of Mughal Empire is marked as A. Identify it and write its name on the lines drawn near them.$
(1) [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.10: (I) Name any one capital city of Mughal Empire.
(1) (II)
(a) Mention any one centre related to the Revolt of 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) Name the State where Jallianwala Bagh event took place.]$
›Reveal solutionSolution

Part (a): Uttar Pradesh — Chauri Chaura, where Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922.

Part (b): Gujarat — the Kheda Satyagraha; the Mughal capital A is Delhi (or Agra).

Part (b): Punjab — where the Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place at Amritsar.

This map question pairs a National-Movement location with the identification of a Mughal capital. The point A can only be named exactly from the printed map.

Part (a)

State where the Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn. The Non-Cooperation Movement, launched in 1920, was suddenly called off by Gandhi in February 1922 after a mob at Chauri Chaura set fire to a police station and killed policemen; Gandhi would not let the movement continue once it had turned violent. Chauri Chaura lies near Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh, so the state to be located and labelled is Uttar Pradesh.

Part (b) …
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CBSE 2022Set 61/2/12 marks
$Q. (10.1) On the given political outline map of India (on page 11), locate and label any one of the following with appropriate symbol :$
(a) The place where Gandhiji withdrew Non-Cooperation Movement. (1)
(OR)
$(b) The place where Gandhiji started Satyagraha for the planters of Gujarat.$
(1) (10.2) On the same political outline map of India, a place related to the capital city of Mughal Empire is marked as ‘A’. Identify it and write its name on the line drawn near it.
(1) [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.10: (10.1) Name any one capital city of the Mughal Empire.
(1) (10.2)
(a) Mention any one place related to the centre of the Revolt of 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) Name the State where the Jallianwala Bagh event took place. (1)]$
›Reveal solutionSolution

Part (a): Gandhiji withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement at Chauri Chaura (Uttar Pradesh).

Part (b): The Gujarat peasant Satyagraha was at Kheda (mill-workers' at Ahmedabad); a Mughal capital marked "A" would be Delhi/Agra/Fatehpur Sikri.

Part (b): Jallianwala Bagh is in Amritsar, so the State is Punjab.

This is a map-based question that asks the student to locate and label historical places on the political outline map of India. The map itself is not reproduced here, so the answers below supply the correct places to be identified.

Part (a) …
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CBSE 2022Set 61/3/12 marks
$Q. On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any one of the following with appropriate symbol : I.$
(a) The place where mutiny started in 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) The place where Gandhiji broke the Salt law. II. On the same outline map of India, a place related to Capital city of the Mughal Empire has been marked as A. Identify it and write its name on the line drawn near it.$
(1) [Visually Impaired alternative in lieu of Q.10: I.
(a) Name the place from where mutiny started on 10th May, 1857. (1)
(OR)
$(b) Name the place where Gandhiji broke the Salt law. II. Name any one Capital city of Mughal Empire. (1)]$
›Reveal solutionSolution

Part (a): the 1857 mutiny started at Meerut (Uttar Pradesh) on 10 May 1857.

Part (b): Gandhi broke the Salt Law at Dandi (Gujarat coast, 6 April 1930); the Mughal capital A is Delhi (or Agra).

Part (b): Gandhi broke the Salt Law at Dandi; a Mughal capital is Delhi (or Agra).

The point A can only be named exactly from the printed map; the choices below are answered from their historical significance.

Part (a)

Where the 1857 mutiny started. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 — often called the First War of Independence — broke out at Meerut on 10 May 1857. Sepoys of the Bengal Army, angered by the imprisonment of comrades who had refused the greased Enfield cartridges, rose against their officers, freed the prisoners and then marched on Delhi, where they proclaimed Bahadur Shah Zafar emperor. Meerut lies in western Uttar Pradesh, about 70 km north-east of Delhi, and should be marked there.

Part (b)

Where Gandhi broke the Salt law, and the Mughal capital A. On 6 April 1930 Gandhi concluded his 24-day, 240-mile march from Sabarmati by picking up a lump of natural salt at Dandi, a small village on the Gujarat coast near Navsari, thereby breaking the British salt monopoly and launching the Civil Disobedience Movement. Dandi is on the southern Gujarat coast, south of Surat. For part II, the point A is related to the capital city of the Mughal Empire; on a political outline this is normally Delhi (Shahjahanabad, capital of Shah Jahan and the later Mughals) or Agra (capital under Akbar), depending on where A is marked. The Visually Impaired alternative asks only for the place from which the mutiny started on 10 May 1857 — Meerut.

Part (b) …
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