Q.Match the following events in Column ‘A’ with their corresponding dates in Column ‘B’ : Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’

Showing the 12 most recent of 22 on this concept.

1. CBSE 2026Set 61/2/11 markMCQ
   Q.Arrange the following historical events in chronological order and choose the correct option : I. Champaran Satyagraha II. Kheda Satyagraha III. Jallianwala Bagh Incident IV. Rowlatt Act Options : (A) I, II, III, IV (B) I, II, IV, III (C) II, III, I, IV (D) II, IV, III, I

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   The correct chronological order is Champaran (1917), Kheda (1918), Rowlatt Act (1919), Jallianwala Bagh (1919). This matches option (B).

   The key to ordering these events is to remember that Gandhi’s early satyagrahas in India were a direct response to specific local grievances, and they preceded the nationwide protests against the Rowlatt Act. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre was the brutal climax of the Rowlatt agitation.

   Let’s place each event in its correct year.

   1. Champaran Satyagraha (1917)

      This was Gandhi’s first major experiment with satyagraha in India. It took place in the Champaran district of Bihar, where indigo planters were forcing peasants to grow indigo under exploitative terms. Gandhi arrived in 1917 and, after a prolonged inquiry, secured the abolition of the tinkathia system. This is the earliest of the four events.

   2. Kheda Satyagraha (1918)

      The very next year, Gandhi led a satyagraha in the Kheda district of Gujarat. The issue here was a severe crop failure, but the British government insisted on collecting the full land revenue. The peasants, supported by Gandhi, refused to pay. The government eventually suspended the collection. This came after Champaran but before the Rowlatt Act.

   3. Rowlatt Act (1919)

      In March 1919, the British government passed the Rowlatt Act, which allowed the arrest and imprisonment of Indians without trial. This was a repressive law that sparked widespread outrage. Gandhi called for a nationwide hartal (strike) on 6 April 1919 to protest the Act. This event marks the beginning of the mass movement phase.

   4. Jallianwala Bagh Incident (13 April 1919) …

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2. CBSE 2026Set 59/1/11 markMCQ
   Q.Arrange the following events in chronological order :

   (i) Assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi.

   (ii) Formation of the First Non-Congress coalition government at the centre.

   (iii) Sixteenth Lok Sabha elections.

   (iv) The Mandal Commission gave its recommendations. Choose the correct option : (A) (ii), (iii), (i),

   (iv) (B) (i), (iv), (iii),

   (ii) (C) (iv), (ii), (i),

   (iii) (D) (iii), (i), (ii), (iv)

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   The events in chronological order are: the Mandal Commission's recommendations, the formation of the first non-Congress coalition government, the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, and the Sixteenth Lok Sabha elections.

   Understanding the sequence of historical events is crucial for grasping cause-and-effect relationships and the evolution of political landscapes. In India's post-independence history, particularly from the late 20th century onwards, several pivotal moments reshaped the nation's political trajectory, social policies, and electoral dynamics. Let us arrange the given events to trace this progression.

   The first event in this sequence is The Mandal Commission gave its recommendations. The Second Backward Classes Commission, popularly known as the Mandal Commission, was established in 1979 by the Janata Party government. Its mandate was to identify the socially and educationally backward classes of India and recommend measures for their advancement. The Commission submitted its comprehensive report on December 31, 1980. This report recommended 27% reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in government jobs and public sector undertakings, a recommendation that would later become a major point of political contention and social change.

   Following this, the next significant event was the Formation of the First Non-Congress coalition government at the centre. While the Janata Party formed a non-Congress government in 1977, the term "first non-Congress coalition government" in the context of the options often refers to the National Front government led by V.P. Singh, which came to power in December 1989. This government was a coalition of several regional parties and was supported by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Left Front from outside. It marked a significant shift from the long-standing dominance of the Congress party and ushered in an era of coalition politics at the national level. It was this government that decided to implement the Mandal Commission's recommendations in August 1990, leading to widespread protests and a profound impact on Indian society and politics.

   Note

   The implementation of the Mandal Commission's recommendations by the V.P. Singh government in 1990 was a landmark decision that significantly altered India's social justice landscape and electoral calculations.

   The third event in chronological order is the tragic Assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. Rajiv Gandhi, who had served as Prime Minister from 1984 to 1989, was campaigning for the Lok Sabha elections in Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, when he was assassinated on May 21, 1991. His death sent shockwaves across the nation and deeply impacted the political scene, occurring amidst a period of political instability and economic reforms.

   Important

   The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi occurred during the 1991 general elections, a period of significant political flux in India. …

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3. CBSE 2026Set 59/2/11 markMCQ
   Q.The alliance that has formed the government at the centre the maximum number of times : (A) United Progressive Alliance (UPA) (B) National Front (C) United Front (D) National Democratic Alliance (NDA)

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) has formed the central government the maximum number of times among the listed coalitions.

   Coalition politics became the defining feature of Indian governance from the late 1980s onward, when single-party majorities gave way to multi-party alliances. Each of the options represents a significant coalition experiment, but their tenures and frequency of government formation vary considerably.

   The National Front came to power in 1989 under V.P. Singh, marking India's first major coalition experiment at the centre. This alliance, however, was short-lived and fragile, collapsing within two years. It formed the government only once.

   The United Front emerged in 1996 as a coalition of regional and left parties, supported from outside by Congress. It produced two prime ministers—H.D. Deve Gowda and I.K. Gujral—but lasted barely two years, forming the government just once during this period.

   The United Progressive Alliance (UPA), led by the Congress party, came to power in 2004 and again in 2009. This alliance governed for two full terms, representing two separate instances of government formation. The UPA brought together Congress with various regional parties and left support, creating a stable decade of coalition rule. …

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4. CBSE 2026Set 59/3/11 markMCQ
   Q.Arrange the following events in a chronological order :

   (i) Atomic test conducted by China

   (ii) First nuclear explosion conducted by India

   (iii) Implementation of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

   (iv) Initiation of the atomic programme in India under the guidance of Homi Jehangir Bhabha Choose the correct option : (A) (ii), (iii), (i),

   (iv) (B) (iv), (i), (iii),

   (ii) (C) (i), (iii), (iv),

   (ii) (D) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   The correct chronological order of these events is the initiation of India's atomic program, followed by China's atomic test, then the implementation of the NPT, and finally India's first nuclear explosion.

   The mid-20th century marked a pivotal era in global politics, characterized by the Cold War and the proliferation of nuclear weapons technology. Nations grappled with the implications of this destructive power, leading to both independent nuclear development and international efforts to control it. India, under the leadership of its early prime ministers, adopted a unique stance, advocating for peaceful uses of nuclear energy while reserving its sovereign right to develop its capabilities.

   Let us trace the sequence of these significant events:

   • Initiation of the atomic programme in India under the guidance of Homi Jehangir Bhabha

     India's atomic energy program began shortly after independence, driven by the vision of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and the scientific leadership of Dr. Homi J. Bhabha. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was established in 1948, with Dr. Bhabha as its first chairman. This marked the formal beginning of India's journey into nuclear science and technology, initially focused on peaceful applications like power generation and medicine.

   • Atomic test conducted by China

     China became the fifth nation to possess nuclear weapons when it conducted its first atomic test, codenamed "596," on October 16, 1964. This event significantly altered the geopolitical landscape, particularly in Asia, and added a new dimension to India's security concerns, given the unresolved border disputes between the two countries.

   • Implementation of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

     The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament. It was opened for signature in 1968 and entered into force in 1970. India chose not to sign the NPT, viewing it as discriminatory because it allowed existing nuclear powers to retain their weapons while restricting others from developing them.

   • First nuclear explosion conducted by India …

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5. CBSE 2025Set 61/1/11 markMCQ
   Q.Find the odd one out regarding the Permanent Settlement of 1793. (A) The Sunset law (B) The Burdwan's Auction (C) The Fifth Report (D) The Deccan Riots Commission

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   Three items relate directly to the Permanent Settlement's revenue mechanisms and crises in Bengal; the Deccan Riots Commission (1875) investigated agrarian unrest in Maharashtra under the Ryotwari system, making it the odd one out. The answer is (D).

   The Permanent Settlement of 1793, introduced by Lord Cornwallis, fixed land revenue in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa in perpetuity with zamindars as intermediaries. To identify the odd one, we need to trace which historical events and reports emerged from or directly addressed this system.

   Understanding each option

   1. The Sunset Law was the enforcement mechanism built into the Permanent Settlement itself. Revenue had to be paid by sunset on a fixed date; failure meant the zamindar's estate would be auctioned. This draconian provision created immediate pressure and was intrinsic to how the settlement operated in Bengal.

   2. The Burdwan Auction became the most infamous example of the Sunset Law in action. The Maharaja of Burdwan, one of Bengal's largest zamindars, defaulted on revenue payments in the 1790s. His vast estates were put up for auction, shocking the landed aristocracy and demonstrating that the British would enforce the settlement's terms without exception. This event is inseparable from the Permanent Settlement's early history.

   3. The Fifth Report (1812) was a comprehensive parliamentary document submitted to the British House of Commons. It examined the administration of justice and revenue collection in Bengal, with extensive critique of the Permanent Settlement's effects—rack-renting by zamindars, the plight of actual cultivators, and the rigidity of fixed revenue. This report directly analyzed the Bengal system established in 1793. …

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6. CBSE 2025Set 59/4/11 markMCQ
   Q.Arrange the following events in chronological order :

   (i) Russia, Ukraine and Belarus declared that Soviet Union was disbanded

   (ii) Mikhail Gorbachev became the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Soviet Union

   (iii) Soviet Revolution in Russia

   (iv) Indo-Russian Strategic Agreement was made Choose the correct option : (A) (i), (ii), (iii),

   (iv) (B) (iii), (ii), (i),

   (iv) (C) (iv), (iii), (i),

   (ii) (D) (i), (iv), (iii), (ii)

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   The events unfold from the birth of the Soviet state, through its reform attempts, to its dissolution, and finally to the establishment of a new strategic partnership between India and post-Soviet Russia.

   Understanding the chronological order of these events requires a grasp of key periods in Russian and Soviet history, from the early 20th century through to the turn of the 21st century. Each event marks a significant turning point, either in the internal dynamics of the Soviet Union or in its external relations.

   The earliest event on the list is the Soviet Revolution in Russia. This refers to the October Revolution of 1917, a pivotal moment when the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Provisional Government. This revolution led to the establishment of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, subsequently, the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1922. It fundamentally reshaped Russia's political, economic, and social landscape, ushering in decades of communist rule.

   Decades later, in March 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. His ascension to power marked the beginning of a period of significant reforms known as Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring). Gorbachev aimed to revitalize the stagnant Soviet economy and political system, but his reforms inadvertently unleashed forces that ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.

   Note

   Gorbachev's reforms, while intended to strengthen the Soviet system, inadvertently weakened the Communist Party's control and empowered nationalist movements within the various Soviet republics.

   The culmination of these internal pressures and reforms came in December 1991, when Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus declared that the Soviet Union was disbanded. This declaration, known as the Belovezha Accords, formally dissolved the USSR and established the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). This event marked the end of the Cold War and a dramatic shift in the global geopolitical order, as the world's largest communist state ceased to exist. …

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7. CBSE 2025Set 59/5/11 markMCQ
   Q.Arrange the following in chronological order :

   (i) Formation of the European Economic Community

   (ii) Establishment of ASEAN

   (iii) Privatisation of Agriculture in China

   (iv) India's war with China Choose the correct option : (A) (i), (iii), (ii),

   (iv) (B) (iv), (ii), (iii),

   (i) (C) (ii), (iv), (i),

   (iii) (D) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   None of the four options given in this question is chronologically correct; the official CBSE marking scheme awarded full marks to all candidates because the printed choices were all wrong.

   This question asks you to arrange four major events in world and Asian history in the order they happened. The events are: the formation of the European Economic Community (EEC), the establishment of ASEAN, the privatisation of agriculture in China, and India's war with China. Let us place each one in its proper historical context.

   The European Economic Community was created by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. Six Western European nations — France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg — signed the treaty to build a common market and closer economic integration. This was a landmark step in post-war European cooperation.

   ASEAN, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, was established in 1967. Five founding members — Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand — signed the Bangkok Declaration to promote political and economic stability in Southeast Asia during the Cold War.

   India's war with China took place in 1962. A border dispute in the Himalayan region escalated into a brief but intense conflict, which ended with a Chinese unilateral ceasefire. This event falls squarely between the formation of the EEC and the establishment of ASEAN.

   The privatisation of agriculture in China refers to the dismantling of the commune system and the introduction of the Household Responsibility System. This reform began in the late 1970s, after Mao Zedong's death, and was formally adopted across the country in the early 1980s. It is the most recent of the four events.

   So the correct chronological order is: (i) Formation of the EEC (1957), (iv) India's war with China (1962), (ii) Establishment of ASEAN (1967), (iii) Privatisation of agriculture in China (late 1970s–early 1980s). That sequence is (i), (iv), (ii), (iii).

   Now look at the options given:

   • Option (A): (i), (iii), (ii), (iv) — places privatisation of agriculture before ASEAN and before the India-China war, which is wrong.
   • Option (B): (iv), (ii), (iii), (i) — puts the India-China war first, then ASEAN, then privatisation, and the EEC last. The EEC was actually the earliest event, so this is incorrect. …

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8. CBSE 2025Set 59/6/11 markMCQ
   Q.Arrange the following events in chronological order :

   (i) Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary of the Communist Party

   (ii) Socialist Revolution in Russia

   (iii) The Berlin Wall was broken by the people

   (iv) Disintegration of the USSR Choose the correct option : (A) (ii), (i), (iii),

   (iv) (B) (i), (ii), (iii),

   (iv) (C) (iv), (iii), (ii),

   (i) (D) (iii), (ii), (iv), (i)

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   The correct chronological order is: Socialist Revolution in Russia (1917), Gorbachev becomes General Secretary (1985), Berlin Wall falls (1989), Disintegration of the USSR (1991).

   To place these four events in their proper sequence, we need to step back into the broad sweep of twentieth-century history. The Socialist Revolution in Russia — often called the Bolshevik Revolution or the October Revolution — took place in 1917. That event marks the beginning of the Soviet state, a communist superpower that would reshape global politics for the next seven decades. Everything else on this list happens much later, toward the end of that same Soviet story.

   Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in March 1985. He was the last leader of the USSR, and his policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) were intended to reform the stagnant Soviet system. Instead, they unleashed forces that the party could no longer control.

   The Berlin Wall was breached by crowds of ordinary East Berliners on the night of November 9, 1989. That dramatic moment was not the direct work of any single government — it was a spontaneous, joyful uprising of people who had had enough of division. The fall of the Wall became the most powerful symbol of the collapse of communist regimes across Eastern Europe. …

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9. CBSE 2024Set 61/1/11 markMCQ
   Q.Arrange the following in chronological order and choose the correct option:

   (i) Limitation Law

   (ii) Sunset Law

   (iii) Santhal Rebellion

   (iv) Bombay-Deccan Riots Options: (A) (ii), (iii), (i),

   (iv) (B) (i), (ii), (iv),

   (iii) (C) (iii), (iv), (ii),

   (i) (D) (iv), (iii), (i), (ii)

   ›Reveal solutionSolution

   This question tests your knowledge of the chronological sequence of four key events in modern Indian history. The correct order is: Santhal Rebellion (1855-56), Bombay-Deccan Riots (1875), Sunset Law (1793, but its effects and related legislation are often discussed in the 19th century context), and Limitation Law (1859, but its impact is felt later). The correct option is (C).

   To arrange these events in chronological order, we need to recall the approximate dates of each. Let's break them down.

   1. Santhal Rebellion (1855-56): This was a major tribal uprising against the British and the zamindari system in the present-day Jharkhand region. It is a well-known event from the mid-19th century.

   2. Bombay-Deccan Riots (1875): These were a series of peasant riots in the Deccan region of Maharashtra, primarily against the moneylenders (sahukars) who were exploiting them. This is a later 19th-century event.

   3. Sunset Law (1793): This was a key feature of the Permanent Settlement introduced by Lord Cornwallis in Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha. It stated that if a zamindar failed to pay the full revenue by a specific date (sunset), their estate would be auctioned off. So, this is a late 18th-century event.

   4. Limitation Law (1859): This law was enacted by the British to regulate the period within which a debt could be recovered. It was a response to the growing problem of peasant indebtedness, particularly after the Revolt of 1857. This is a mid-19th century event.

   Now, let's order them chronologically:

   • The earliest is the Sunset Law (1793). …

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10. CBSE 2024Set 59/1/11 markMCQ
    Q.Arrange the following rulers of Pakistan in the chronological order as per the period of their rule :

    (i) General Zia-ul-Haq

    (ii) Benazir Bhutto

    (iii) General Musharraf

    (iv) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Choose the correct option. (A) (iv), (i), (ii),

    (iii) (B) (i), (iii), (ii),

    (iv) (C) (iv), (iii), (ii),

    (i) (D) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

    ›Reveal solutionSolution

    The correct chronological order of these Pakistani rulers is Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, then General Zia-ul-Haq, then Benazir Bhutto, and finally General Musharraf — which matches option (A).

    To understand the sequence, we need to place each leader in the timeline of Pakistan's political history. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto came first. He served as President and later Prime Minister of Pakistan from the early 1970s until 1977. His government was overthrown by a military coup led by General Zia-ul-Haq in July 1977. Zia then ruled as Chief Martial Law Administrator and later as President until his death in a plane crash in August 1988.

    After Zia's death, Pakistan held general elections in late 1988. Benazir Bhutto, Zulfikar's daughter, led the Pakistan Peoples Party to victory and became Prime Minister — the first woman to head a modern Muslim-majority state. Her first term lasted from 1988 to 1990. She served a second, non-consecutive term later (1993–1996), but the question asks for the period of rule in a single chronological sequence, so her first term places her after Zia. …

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11. CBSE 2024Set 59/1/11 markMCQ
    Q.Arrange the following Prime Ministers of India in the chronological order as per their period of rule :

    (i) H.D. Deve Gowda

    (ii) Chandra Shekhar

    (iii) P.V. Narsimha Rao

    (iv) V.P. Singh Choose the correct option. (A) (i), (ii), (iv),

    (iii) (B) (iii), (iv), (ii),

    (i) (C) (i), (ii), (iii),

    (iv) (D) (iv), (ii), (iii), (i)

    ›Reveal solutionSolution

    The correct chronological order of the Prime Ministers listed is V.P. Singh, followed by Chandra Shekhar, then P.V. Narasimha Rao, and finally H.D. Deve Gowda.

    Understanding the chronological order of events and leadership is fundamental to grasping the flow of history and political developments. In the context of India's parliamentary democracy, the sequence of Prime Ministers reflects significant shifts in political alliances, national priorities, and economic policies over time. The period from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, in particular, was marked by considerable political instability and the rise of coalition governments, leading to several changes in leadership.

    Let's arrange the given Prime Ministers according to their periods of rule:

    • V.P. Singh (iv): Vishwanath Pratap Singh served as the 7th Prime Minister of India from December 2, 1989, to November 10, 1990. His tenure was notable for the implementation of the Mandal Commission recommendations, which sparked widespread protests, and the formation of the National Front government with external support.

    • Chandra Shekhar (ii): Following V.P. Singh's resignation, Chandra Shekhar took office as the 8th Prime Minister on November 10, 1990, and served until June 21, 1991. His government was a minority government, supported by the Indian National Congress from outside, and faced significant economic challenges.

    • P.V. Narasimha Rao (iii): P.V. Narasimha Rao became the 9th Prime Minister of India on June 21, 1991, and completed a full term until May 16, 1996. His period is widely recognized for initiating significant economic reforms, often referred to as liberalization, privatization, and globalization (LPG), which fundamentally reshaped India's economy. …

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12. CBSE 2024Set 59/1/11 markMCQ
    Q.Match List-I with the List-II and choose the correct option : List-I 1. Clear majority in the 17th Lok Sabha 2. Implementation of the recommendations of the Mandal Commission 3. Prime Minister H.D. Deve Gowda 4. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh List-II

    (i) National Front Government

    (ii) United Front Government

    (iii) United Progressive Alliance Government

    (iv) National Democratic Alliance Options : (A) 1-(iv), 2-(i), 3-(ii), 4-(iii) (B) 1-(i), 2-(ii), 3-(iii), 4-(iv) (C) 1-(iv), 2-(iii), 3-(ii), 4-(i) (D) 1-(i), 2-(iv), 3-(ii), 4-(iii)

    ›Reveal solutionSolution

    The question tests knowledge of India's coalition and majority governments from 1989 onwards, matching key political events and leaders to the correct alliance formations.

    India's political landscape underwent a fundamental transformation after the Congress party's long dominance began to fracture in the late 1980s. Understanding the sequence and character of the governments that followed requires grasping both the alliances that formed and the pivotal moments that defined them.

    The National Front Government emerged in 1989 under V.P. Singh after the Congress lost its majority. This coalition brought together regional parties and was supported from outside by the BJP and Left parties. Its most consequential decision was the implementation of the Mandal Commission recommendations in 1990, which reserved 27% of central government jobs for Other Backward Classes. The move reshaped Indian politics, intensifying caste-based mobilization and triggering widespread protests. The National Front's tenure was brief and turbulent, collapsing in 1990.

    The United Front Government represented a different experiment in coalition politics during 1996–98. After inconclusive elections left no party with a clear majority, a loose alliance of regional and left parties formed the government with Congress support from outside. H.D. Deve Gowda, a regional leader from Karnataka, became Prime Minister in 1996 as a consensus candidate acceptable to the diverse coalition partners. His tenure lasted less than a year before he was replaced by I.K. Gujral, but both Prime Ministers led the same United Front arrangement.

    Note

    The United Front period marked the rise of regional parties as kingmakers in national politics, a trend that would persist for two decades.

    The United Progressive Alliance came to power in 2004, led by the Congress party with support from regional and left parties. Manmohan Singh served as Prime Minister for two consecutive terms (2004–2014), becoming the first Prime Minister since Nehru to complete ten years in office. The UPA represented a Congress-led coalition model, distinct from the earlier experiments where regional parties dominated. …

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