Question 23 of 41
Q.Discuss the institutional and technological factors for the reason of low productivity in Indian agriculture.
Gujarat GsebGujarat Board (GSEB) HSC Commerce Board 2022Subjective· 5mImportance★★★★★
56% · 23/41 Questions
You're viewing a preview — the full solution, concept, methods & PYQ mapping are locked.
Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Low farm productivity: institutional causes (small/fragmented holdings, poor land tenure, weak credit/marketing) + technological causes (old methods, few modern inputs, poor irrigation).
The low productivity of Indian agriculture is explained by two sets of factors:
Institutional factors:
- Small and fragmented holdings — most farms are very small and scattered in bits, on which modern methods and machinery cannot be used economically, keeping output low.
- Defective land-tenure and ownership system — insecure tenancy, absentee landlordism and unclear ownership discourage tenants from investing and improving the land.
- Lack of institutional credit and marketing — inadequate cheap institutional finance forces farmers to depend on moneylenders, while poor marketing and lack of fair prices reduce their income and ability to invest.
Technological factors:
- Old and traditional methods — many farmers still use outdated tools and techniques instead of scientific methods.
- Low use of modern inputs — insufficient use of high-yielding seeds, chemical fertilisers, pesticides and machinery keeps yields per hectare low. …
Unlock everything free for 14 days
- Full step-by-step solutions
- Concept-first explanations
- Methods, shortcuts & mistakes
- PYQ mapping + timed mock tests
Full access for 14 days. No credit card required.