Economics · Class 12 Commerce
Ch 8Agriculture Sector — Class 12 Economics, concept-first.
Agriculture is the primary economic activity of producing crops, and along with allied activities such as animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry, it forms the agriculture and allied sector of the economy.
Key concepts
Hover a concept to preview it and jump to its most relevant Q&A.
Institutional Agricultural Finance
Farmers borrow from non-institutional sources (moneylenders, traders, relatives) and institutional sources (cooperative credit societies, RRBs, commercial banks, and the apex body NABARD, set up in 1982); policy has stea…
Most relevant Q&A
- Which of the following is the apex institution for agricultural and rural credit in India? (a) Reserve Bank of India (b) State Bank of India…Free
- Explain the meaning of institutional and non-institutional sources of agricultural finance, giving one example of each.Preview
- Give the full form of NABARD.Preview
- Short term lending in theoretical sense is for what period? (a) Upto 1 year (b) 1 to 3 years (c) 1 to 5 years (d) 5 to 15 yearsPreview
- Discuss any three institutional measures to improve productivity in agriculture.Preview
Chapter contents
The NCERT structure, section by section. Open a section to see its questions, then read the concept-first solution.
Role and Importance of Agriculture in the Indian Economy
Agriculture is the primary economic activity of producing crops, and along with allied activities such as animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry, it forms the agriculture and allied sector of the e…
Features and Cropping Pattern of Indian Agriculture
Features of Indian agriculture
Green Revolution
The Green Revolution refers to the sharp, technology-driven increase in foodgrain productivity -- mainly of wheat and later rice -- that India experienced from the mid-to-late 1960s onward.
Irrigation in Indian Agriculture
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to agricultural land, and it plays a central role in Indian agriculture because a large share of the country's net sown area still depends on the mons…
Agricultural Finance
Farmers need credit for two broad purposes: short-term/working capital needs (purchase of seeds, fertiliser, pesticides, payment of wages) and medium-to-long-term/fixed capital needs (land improvement…
Agricultural Marketing
Agricultural marketing covers all the activities involved in moving farm produce from the farmer/producer to the final consumer -- assembling, grading, storage, transport, and sale.
Agricultural Reforms and Government Policy
Beyond the marketing and finance reforms discussed above, Indian agricultural policy since independence has included a wider set of reforms aimed at improving productivity, equity, and farmer welfare.
Sample & Board Papers
Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.
+−Show 28 questionsHide questions28 questions
- Q1How much employment was provided by agriculture sector in the year 2014-15? (a) 24% (b) 26% (c) 49% (d) 72%Preview
- Q2Give the meaning of cash crop.Preview
- Q3"Agriculture sector is known as the backbone of the economy." — Explain the statement.Preview
- Q4Discuss the reasons for low Agriculture productivity of agriculture sector. OR Since 1966 modern agriculture emerged in India. Discuss in th…Preview
- Q5Which crop is included in food grains? (a) (A) Groundnut (b) (B) Bajra (c) (C) Sugarcane (d) (D) CottonPreview
- Q6From the following, which factor is included in institutional factors of agriculture? (a) (A) Use of Machines (b) (B) Pesticides (c) (C) Rur…Preview
- Q7Give the full form of NABARD.Preview
- Q8Explain "Agriculture as the backbone of Indian Economy".Preview
- Q9State the difference between food grains and cash crops. (Any two points)Preview
- Q10Discuss the institutional and technological factors for the reason of low productivity in Indian agriculture.Preview
- Q11After independence, what are the changes taking place in the contribution of agriculture sector to the national income of the country? (a) S…Preview
- Q12Which of the following is a cash crop? (a) Wheat (b) Bajra (c) Maize (d) SugarcanePreview
- Q13When was Prime Minister Agricultural Irrigation scheme started?Preview
- Q14Which sector provides maximum employment in India?Preview
- Q15"Agriculture sector is backbone of the Indian economy". Explain the statement.Preview
- Q16"Speed and expansion of green revolution can solve the problem of unemployment". Explain.Preview
- Q17Explain crop rotation. [Multiple cropping]Preview
- Q18Explain any five technological measures to increase agriculture productivity in India.Preview
- Q19Short term lending in theoretical sense is for what period? (a) Upto 1 year (b) 1 to 3 years (c) 1 to 5 years (d) 5 to 15 yearsPreview
- Q20How much is the use of pesticides per hectare in India? (a) 7 kg (b) 2.5 kg (c) 0.5 kg (d) 6.6 kgPreview
- Q21Who formulated the agroforest model? (a) Dr. Kurian (b) Dr. Swaminathan (c) Dr. Subhash Palekar (d) Dr. M.S. RangarajanPreview
- Q22Give any two examples of cash crops.Preview
- Q23What is crop protection?Preview
- Q24When and with what objective Prime Minister Irrigation Scheme was started?Preview
- Q25Which vegetables are grown for salad in agroforest?Preview
- Q26Explain the method of making Sonthastra.Preview
- Q27Discuss any three institutional measures to improve productivity in agriculture.Preview
- Q28Discuss present situation of agriculture sector in India.Preview
More questions
13 Q+−Show 4 questionsHide questions4 questions
- Q1Which of the following is the apex institution for agricultural and rural credit in India? (a) Reserve Bank of India (b) State Bank of India…Free
- Q2The Green Revolution in India, in its initial phase from the mid-1960s, was mainly associated with a sharp rise in the yield of which two cr…Free
- Q3Which of the following is grown as a Kharif crop in India? (a) Wheat (b) Mustard (c) Cotton (d) Gram (chana)Preview
- Q4e-NAM, launched by the Government of India in 2016, refers to: (a) A crop insurance scheme (b) An electronic National Agriculture Market lin…Preview
+−Show 5 questionsHide questions5 questions
- Q5State any four features of Indian agriculture.Free
- Q6Distinguish between Kharif and Rabi crops, giving one example of each.Free
- Q7Explain the meaning of institutional and non-institutional sources of agricultural finance, giving one example of each.Preview
- Q8State any four problems of agricultural marketing in India.Preview
- Q9What is meant by the Green Revolution?Preview
+−Show 4 questionsHide questions4 questions
- Q10Explain the role of agriculture in the Indian economy.Free
- Q11Explain the features of the Green Revolution in India and discuss its limitations.Free
- Q12Explain the sources of irrigation in India and discuss the importance of irrigation for Indian agriculture.Preview
- Q13Discuss the reforms undertaken in agricultural marketing in India.Preview