Ch 4E-Commerce and E-Governance — Class 12 Information Technology, concept-first.

Buying a book, paying an electricity bill, booking a train ticket, applying for a scholarship, or filing an income-tax return — a generation ago every one of these meant standing in a queue with cash…

E-commerce (short for electronic commerce) means carrying on commercial transactions — buying and selling goods and services, and the exchange of money and information that goes with them — over compu…

E-commerce is usually classified by the type of parties on the two sides of a transaction — a business or an individual consumer. This gives four main models.

No trading method is perfect. E-commerce brings powerful benefits to buyers and sellers alike, but it also carries real drawbacks that a student of commerce must weigh honestly.

An online trade is only complete when the money moves. An electronic payment system (e-payment) is any method of paying for goods or services electronically, without physical cash or a paper cheque ch…

Because money and personal data travel over public networks, security is central to e-commerce. If buyers do not trust that their card numbers and personal details are safe, they will not shop online.…

E-governance (electronic governance) means the use of information and communication technology — computers, the internet and mobile devices — by government to deliver services, share information, and…

Just as e-commerce is classified by who is on each side of a transaction, e-governance is classified by the parties the government interacts with.

To citizens: - Convenience — services from home at any time, without travel or long queues. - Speed — applications, payments and certificates are processed faster.