Q.Write a note on antigens on blood cells.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Human RBCs carry genetically determined surface antigens (like A, B in the ABO system and the D/Rh antigen) that determine a person's blood group and their transfusion compatibility.
Step 1. Several genetically determined antigens exist on the surface of human red blood cells, giving rise to different blood-group systems, including ABO, Rh, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, P, MNS and the Bombay blood group.
Step 2. In the ABO system (discovered by Karl Landsteiner, 1900), the antigens A and B on the RBC surface, together with the corresponding antibodies a/b in the serum, define the four blood groups A, B, AB and O — group AB carries both antigens and no antibodies (the universal acceptor), while group O carries neither antigen but both antibodies (the universal donor).
Step 3. The Rh system centres on a separate antigenic protein, the D antigen (Rh factor, discovered by Landsteiner and Wiener, 1940), whose presence or absence makes a person Rh-positive or Rh-negative. …
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