Q.Express the following equation in matrix form and solve them by the method of reduction. $2x - [y] + z = 1$ (the source textbook prints this equation with a term missing before " + z = 1"; $[y]$ marks the most plausible reconstruction), $x+2y+3z=8$ and $3x+y-4z=1$

Reduce the augmented matrix using elementary row operations.

Equations: $x+y+z=6$, $y+3z=11$, $x-2y+z=0$ (i.e. $x+z=2y$)

Augmented matrix: $\begin{bmatrix}1&1&1&|&6\\0&1&3&|&11\\1&-2&1&|&0\end{bmatrix}$

$R_3\to R_3-R_1$: $\begin{bmatrix}1&1&1&|&6\\0&1&3&|&11\\0&-3&0&|&-6\end{bmatrix}$

$R_3\to R_3+3R_2$: $\begin{bmatrix}1&1&1&|&6\\0&1&3&|&11\\0&0&9&|&27\end{bmatrix}$

…

Reduce the augmented matrix to (near) row-echelon form.

$\begin{bmatrix}1 & 3 & 3\\ 1 & 4 & 4\\ 1 & 3 & 4\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}x\\y\\z\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix}12\\15\\13\end{bmatrix}$

Augmented matrix: $\begin{bmatrix}1 & 3 & 3 & | & 12\\ 1 & 4 & 4 & | & 15\\ 1 & 3 & 4 & | & 13\end{bmatrix}$

$R_2 \to R_2-R_1$: $\begin{bmatrix}0 & 1 & 1 & | & 3\end{bmatrix}$

$R_3 \to R_3-R_1$: $\begin{bmatrix}0 & 0 & 1 & | & 1\end{bmatrix}$

Reduced system: …

Reduce the augmented matrix $[A\,|\,B]$ to upper-triangular (echelon) form using row operations.

System: $x-y+z=4$; $2x+y-3z=0$; $x+y+z=2$

Augmented form $[A|B] = \left[\begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & -1 & 1 & 4 \\ 2 & 1 & -3 & 0 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 & 2 \end{array}\right]$

$R_2 \to R_2 - 2R_1$: $\left[\begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & -1 & 1 & 4 \\ 0 & 3 & -5 & -8 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 & 2 \end{array}\right]$

$R_3 \to R_3 - R_1$: $\left[\begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & -1 & 1 & 4 \\ 0 & 3 & -5 & -8 \\ 0 & 2 & 0 & -2 \end{array}\right]$

…