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Choose the Best Answer · Q17

Q.Pick out the incorrect statement from the following

(a) sp³ hybrid orbitals are equivalent and are at an angle of 109°28' with each other
(b) dsp² hybrid orbitals are equivalent and bond angle between any two of them is 90°
(c) All five sp³d hybrid orbitals are not equivalent; out of these five sp³d hybrid orbitals, three are at an angle of 120°, the remaining two are perpendicular to the plane containing the other three
(d) none of these
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Step 1. Statement (a) — sp³ hybrid orbitals are equivalent, 109°28' apart — is correct (matches methane's established geometry, section 10.9.1).

Step 2. Statement (b) — dsp² hybrid orbitals are equivalent, 90° apart — is correct (the standard description of square-planar dsp² hybridisation).

Step 3. Statement (c) claims the five sp³d hybrid orbitals are NOT all equivalent (three at 120°, two perpendicular to that plane). At this textbook's level, sp³d hybrid orbitals are conventionally treated and described as five EQUIVALENT orbitals (paralleling how sp, sp², sp³, and sp³d² are each described as fully equivalent sets) — …

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