Q.Complete the following reactions.

1. NaCl + MnO2 + H2SO4 →
2. NaNO2 + HCl →
3. P4 + NaOH + H2O →
4. AgNO3 + PH3 →
5. Mg + HNO3 →
6. KClO3 --Δ-->
7. Cu + H2SO4 (Hot conc.) →
8. Sb + Cl2 →
9. HBr + H2SO4 →
10. XeF6 + H2O →
11. XeO6^4- + Mn2+ + H+ →
12. XeOF4 + SiO2 →
13. Xe + F2 --Ni/200 atm, 400°C-->

Step 1 (reaction 1). Chlorine from NaCl.

4NaCl + MnO2 + 4H2SO4 -> Cl2 + MnCl2 + 4NaHSO4 + 2H2O (MnO2 oxidises the chloride liberated by conc. H2SO4).

Step 2 (reaction 2). Sodium nitrite with HCl.

NaNO2 + HCl -> NaCl + HNO2 (the free, unstable nitrous acid then partly disproportionates: 3HNO2 -> HNO3 + 2NO + H2O).

Step 3 (reaction 3). White phosphorus with NaOH.

P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O -> 3NaH2PO2 + PH3 (disproportionation of phosphorus to +1 hypophosphite and -3 phosphine).

Step 4 (reaction 4). Silver nitrate with phosphine.

3AgNO3 + PH3 -> Ag3P + 3HNO3 (phosphine reduces Ag+ to Ag within the precipitated silver phosphide).

Step 5 (reaction 5). Magnesium with nitric acid.

With moderately concentrated acid: 4Mg + 10HNO3 -> 4Mg(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O. With dilute acid: 4Mg + 10HNO3 -> 4Mg(NO3)2 + N2O + 5H2O (a very reactive metal like Mg reduces dilute HNO3 further than a less reactive metal would).

Step 6 (reaction 6). Thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate.

2KClO3 --MnO2 catalyst, heat--> 2KCl + 3O2 (a standard laboratory preparation of oxygen).

Step 7 (reaction 7). Copper with hot concentrated sulphuric acid.

Cu + 2H2SO4(hot, conc.) -> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O (the acid's oxidising action generates nascent oxygen that oxidises copper, itself being reduced to SO2).

Step 8 (reaction 8). Antimony with chlorine.

2Sb + 3Cl2 -> 2SbCl3 (direct combination to the trichloride).

Step 9 (reaction 9). Hydrobromic acid with sulphuric acid.

2HBr + H2SO4 -> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O (concentrated H2SO4 oxidises HBr to bromine, itself reduced to SO2 — HBr cannot therefore be prepared by the H2SO4-displacement method).

Step 10 (reaction 10). Xenon hexafluoride with water.

XeF6 + 3H2O -> XeO3 + 6HF (complete hydrolysis to xenon trioxide).

Step 11 (reaction 11). Perxenate ion with acidified manganese(II). …

Work through each of the thirteen incomplete equations individually, identifying the reaction type (redox, disproportionation, hydrolysis, thermal decomposition or direct combinat …

Forgetting that reactions 5 and 6 (Mg + HNO3; and identifying which reagent oxidises which in the sulphuric-acid/xenon reactions) depend on stated conditions (dilute vs concentrated, hot vs co …