Q.Ecology is the study of an individual species is called

Ecology is broadly divided into two branches based on scale. Autecology, also called species ecology, is the ecology of a single individual species — how that one species responds to its environment, its physiological tolerances, and how it competes or cooperates with others. Synecology, also called community ecology, instead studies a population or community made of one or more interacting species, focusing on the relationships between species and how the whole assemblage functions together. Beyond this basic split, several specialised sub-fields apply ecological thinking to narrower problems: molecular ecology (ecological questions studied via genetic/DNA tools), eco-technology (applying ecological principles to engineering and restoration), statistical ecology (quantitative modelling of ecological data), and environmental toxicology (how pollutants move through and affect ecosystems). Together these branches let ecologists work at every scale, from a single organism's physiology up to the dynamics of an entire community.