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Evaluation · Q20

Q.Strong, sharp spines that get attached to animal's feet are found in the fruits of

a) Argemone
b) Ecballium
c) Heritier
d) Crossandra
Tamil Nadu DgeTextbookSubjectiveImportance★★★★★est
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Step 1. Identify the mechanism described. 'Strong, sharp spines that get attached to animal's feet' describes an epizoochorous mode of dispersal — the fruit's own surface armature (spines/hooks), not a fleshy reward, is what lets it hitch a ride on a passing animal to a new site.

Step 2. Check each option's actual fruit type. (a) Argemone (prickly/Mexican poppy) produces an oblong capsule whose entire surface is covered with numerous stout, sharp spines/prickles — this matches the description directly, since a dry spiny capsule of this kind readily snags onto the fur or feet of a passing animal. (b) Ecballium (squirting cucumber) disperses instead by an explosive, pressure-driven squirting of its fruit contents — a mechanical/ballistic (autochorous) method, and its fruit is not spine-covered. (c) Heritiera is a mangrove tree whose fruit is a woody, keeled, buoyant nut built to float and disperse on water currents (hydrochory), not to cling to an animal's feet. (d) Crossandra's fruit is a smooth capsule that splits o …

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