Q.Distinguish between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Hyperthyroidism = excessive secretion of thyroid hormones (T3/T4), causing increased metabolic rate, weight loss despite good appetite, excessive sweating/heat intolerance, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), nervousness/t...
Hyperthyroidism speeds up metabolism from thyroid-hormone excess, while hypothyroidism slows it down from thyroid-hormone deficiency.
The thyroid gland secretes the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate the body's basal metabolic rate. In hyperthyroidism, the gland secretes excessive amounts of these hormones (often due to autoimmune over-stimulation, as in Grave's disease, or a thyroid tumour/nodule), sharply raising the metabolic rate; symptoms include unexplained weight loss despite a good or increased appetite, excessive sweating and heat intolerance, a rapid and irregular heartbeat, nervousness, tremors, and often a visibly enlarged thyroid (goitre) along with protruding (exophthalmic) eyes. In hypothyroidism, the gland secretes insufficient hormone (often due to iodine deficiency, autoimmune thyroiditis, or gland dysfunction), lowering the metabolic rate; symptoms include weight gain, lethargy and general sluggishness, cold intolerance, dry skin and hair, and slowed heart rate. If hypothyroidis …
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