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Chemistry · Ch 2 — Solutions

Molar Mass of Solute from Osmotic Pressure

2.10.5

Molar Mass of Solute from Osmotic Pressure

Consider Eq. (2.19), π=n2RTV\pi = \dfrac{n_2 RT}{V}. If the mass of the solute in VV litres of solution is W2\mathrm{W_2} and its molar mass is M2M_2, then n2=W2/M2n_2 = W_2/M_2. With this value of n2n_2, Eq. (2.19) becomes

π=W2RTM2VorM2=W2RTπV...(2.21)\pi = \frac{W_2 R T}{M_2 V} \quad \text{or} \quad M_2 = \frac{W_2 R T}{\pi V} \qquad \text{...(2.21)}

Every quantity on the right-hand side -- W2\mathrm{W_2} (weighed out), RR, TT, π\pi (measured with the membrane apparatus) and VV -- is experimentally accessible, so the molar mass of the solute can be determined from the osmotic pressure.

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