Q.Draw the ultra structure of plant cell

Step 1. Draw the outer boundary layers. Start with the outermost cell wall (showing plasmodesmata connecting through to a neighbouring cell), and immediately inside it, the plasma membrane enclosing the cytoplasm.

Step 2. Add the nucleus. Draw the nucleus, usually positioned toward the periphery of a mature plant cell, with its double-membraned nuclear envelope (outer membrane studded with ribosomes and continuous with the ER, inner membrane smooth), nuclear pores piercing the envelope, and a dense nucleolus inside the nucleoplasm.

Step 3. Add the endomembrane organelles. Draw the endoplasmic reticulum as a branching network of flattened cisternae and tubules running through the cytoplasm and continuous with the nuclear envelope - part of it studded with ribosomes (rough ER) and part smooth (smooth ER) - and, separately, the Golgi apparatus/dictyosomes as a stack of curved, flattened cisternae with small vesicles budding off at their edges.

Step 4. Add mitochondria and chloroplasts. Draw several ovoid mitochondria, each with a smooth outer membrane and a folded, crista-bearing inner membrane surrounding a matrix. Draw one or more lens-shaped chloroplasts, each with an outer and inner membrane enclosing a stroma matrix, within which stacks of thylakoid discs (grana) are visible. …

Build the diagram outside-in, layer by layer - wall, membrane, nucleus, endomembrane organelles, mitochondria/chloroplasts, ribosomes/cytoskeleton - finishing w …

• Omitting the tonoplast label around the central vacuole, or drawing the vacuole as small - in a mature plant cell it is large and dominates the cell's volume. …