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Botany · Ch 10 — Economically Useful Plants & Entrepreneurial Botany

Nuts

10.1.7

Nuts

Nuts are simple dry fruits built around a hard outer shell enclosing an edible kernel, and they pack a nutrient-dense combination of healthy fats, fibre, protein, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale, family Anacardiaceae) originated in Brazil and reached India in the 16th century through Portuguese sailors, and is now grown across Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Odisha; it is commonly used for garnishing sweets and curries, ground into a paste that forms the base for curry and sweet sauces, and eaten roasted or raw as a snack. Almond (Prunus dulcis, family Rosaceae), native to the Mediterranean regions of the Middle East, is grown in Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh; it is eaten raw or roasted, sold whole, sliced or as flour, and pressed into almond oil for making almond b …

Figure 10.8Figure 10.8: Nuts

What this figure shows. A two-panel photographic plate comparing the two nuts described in the text. The Cashew panel shows the distinctive curved, kidney-shaped cashew nut still attached below the fleshy, pear-shaped cashew apple (the swollen stalk), a shape unique among common nuts and useful for recognising Anacardium occidentale. The Almond panel shows shelled almond kernels — flattish, oval, pointed at one end, with a light brown wrinkled seed coat — next to a few unshelled almonds showing the hard, pitted …