Q.Groundnut is native of _____________

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) originated in Brazil, South America, though it is now extensively cultivated in India and elsewhere.

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Groundnut, also called peanut (Arachis hypogaea, family Fabaceae/Papilionaceae), is an important oilseed and food legume crop. Its centre of origin traces to South America, specifically the region of Brazil, where wild relatives of the cultivated species are found and where it was first domesticated by indigenous peoples.

From South America, groundnut spread via Portuguese and Spanish traders to Africa and Asia during the era of global crop exchange following European contact with the Americas, and was subsequently introduced into India, where it adapted extremely well and India became -- and remains -- one of the world's largest producers and consumers of the crop.

The other options (North America, Philippines, India) are places where groundnut is cultivated or was introduced later, but they are not its centre of origin.

Jatropha curcas seed oil is the standard plant source of biodiesel in India.

Jatropha curcas is a non-edible, drought-resistant oilseed shrub that can be cultivated on marginal wastelands, along railway tracks and highway margins, making it attractive as a biodiesel crop that does not divert agricultural land away from food production. Its seeds yield 30-40% oil, which is processed through transesterification (reaction with methanol in the presence of a catalyst) to produce biodiesel, a renewable substitute or blending agent for petro-diesel. Ricinus communis (castor) yields industrial castor oil rather than biodiesel feedstock in this context, Phyllanthus amarus is a medicinal herb valued for hepatoprotective compounds, and Jatropha gossypiifolia is a related ornamental/medicinal species but is not the standard biodiesel source -- Jatropha curcas specifically is the plant promoted for large-scale biodiesel plantations in India.

Biodiesel in India is chiefly obtained from Jatropha curcas seed oil.

Jatropha curcas is a hardy, drought-tolerant shrub whose seeds contain 30-40% non-edible oil. This oil is trans-esterified with methanol to produce biodiesel, and because the oil is inedible it does not compete with food crops -- making Jatropha a preferred biodiesel plantation species on wasteland in India. Ricinus communis (castor) also yields industrial oil but is primarily used for lubricants/industrial castor oil rather than as the standard biodiesel example; Phyllanthus amarus and Euphorbia pulcherrima are medicinal/ornamental plants, not oil sources.