Q.The capacitation of sperm means

Capacitation is the physiological/membrane change sperm undergo in the female tract that primes them to undergo the acrosome reaction.

After insemination, sperm deposited in the female reproductive tract are not immediately capable of fertilising the ovum. They undergo a series of physiological changes in the female genital tract, called capacitation, which alters the sperm's plasma membrane (particularly over the head/acrosome region), destabilising it in a way that primes the sperm to later undergo the acrosome reaction — the release of acrosomal enzymes (hyaluronidase, acrosin, etc.) needed to penetrate the zona pellucida and corona radiata surrounding the ovum. Only capacitated sperm can bind to …