Q.Arrange , , and in increasing order of boiling point, and explain the trend.
Boiling point is set by the total strength of intermolecular attraction, which combines a dipole-dipole contribution from the polar bond with a London-dispersion contribution that grows with the halogen's polarisability and mass. Although fluorine forms the most polar bond of the four, it is also the smallest and least polarisable halogen, contributing the least to dispersion forces; iodine, though it forms the least polar bond, is by far the largest and most polarisable, and its far greater dispersion contribution dominates the overall attraction. The net result is that boiling point increases steadily down the group, from the ethyl fluoride to the ethyl iodide.
Increasing boiling point order: ethyl fluoride ethyl chloride ethyl bromide ethyl iodide, because increasing polarisability/mass of the halogen outweighs its decreasing bond polarity.
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