Q.(a) Draw a ray diagram to show, how an image is formed by a compound microscope.

The objective forms a real, inverted, magnified image just inside the eyepiece's focal length, which the eyepiece further magnifies as a simple magnifier; total $M=M_0\times M_e$.

1. Ray diagram (described): The object $O$ is placed just beyond the focus $F_0$ of the objective lens. The objective forms a real, inverted, highly magnified image $A_1B_1$ a little inside the focal length $f_e$ of the eyepiece. This intermediate image acts as the object for the eyepiece, which — since $A_1B_1$ lies within $f_e$ — acts as a simple magnifier and produces a virtual, further magnified, final image $A_2B_2$, inverted with respect to the original object, seen at or beyond the near point.
2. Magnifying power: Overall magnification is the product of the objective's linear magnification and the eyepiece's angular magnification: …