Q.Identify the independent and dependent variables from the given hypotheses. 1. Teachers' classroom behaviour affects students' performance. 2. Healthy parent-child relationship facilitates emotional adjustment of children. 3. Increase in the level of peer pressure increases the level of anxiety. 4. Enriching the environment of young children with special books and puzzles enhances their performance.

In each hypothesis, the independent variable is the factor presented as the cause, and the dependent variable is the factor presented as the outcome that changes because of it.

1. IV: teachers' classroom behaviour; DV: students' performance.
2. IV: quality of the parent-child relationship (healthy or not); DV: emotional adjustment of children.
3. IV: level of peer pressure; DV: level of anxiety.
4. IV: enrichment of the environment with special books and puzzles; DV: children's performance.

In each of the four hypotheses, the independent variable is the factor being presented as the cause, and the dependent variable is the factor being presented as the outcome or effect.

1. 'Teachers' classroom behaviour affects students' performance.' Here, teachers' classroom behaviour is the independent variable, since it is the factor whose influence is being studied, and students' performance is the dependent variable, since it is the outcome expected to change as a result.

2. 'Healthy parent-child relationship facilitates emotional adjustment of children.' Here, the quality of the parent-child relationship (healthy versus less healthy) is the independent variable, and children's emotional adjustment is the dependent variable, the outcome the relationship quality is expected to affect.

3. 'Increase in the level of peer pressure increases the level of anxiety.' Here, the level of peer pressure is the independent variable, since it is the factor being varied or considered as the cause, and the level of anxiety is the dependent variable, the outcome expected to rise as peer pressure increases.

4. 'Enriching the environment of young children with special books and puzzles enhances their performance.' Here, enrichment of the environment (the provision of special books and puzzles) is the independent variable, and children's performance is the dependent variable, the outcome expected to improve as a result of that enrichment.