Q.Distinguish between Cellular and Humoral Immunity. Mention the scientific name of the parasite responsible for the Benign Tertian Malaria. (2+1)

Cell-mediated immunity uses T-cells to directly destroy infected cells, while humoral immunity uses B-cell-derived antibodies circulating in body fluids; Plasmodium vivax causes the milder Benign Tertian Malaria.

Cellular (Cell-Mediated) Immunity vs Humoral Immunity:

• Effector cells: T-lymphocytes (cellular) vs B-lymphocytes, which produce antibodies (humoral).
• Mechanism: T-cells directly recognise and destroy infected/cancerous/foreign cells (cellular); B-cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies into blood/lymph (humoral).
• Mediator: cell-to-cell contact (cellular) vs soluble antibodies (immunoglobulins) circulating in body fluids (humoral).
• Relevance: organ transplant rejection and intracellular pathogens like viruses (cellular) vs extracellular pathogens and toxins (humoral). …