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Golden-Rice-type flavonoid/carotenoid-enriched transgenic tomatoes carry the phytoene synthase transgene, which drives the carotenoid/flavonoid biosynthetic pathway.

Transgenic crops have been engineered to biofortify foods with beneficial phytochemicals. In tomato, introduction of the phytoene synthase gene (an enzyme catalysing an early, rate-limiting step of the isoprenoid/carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, from which flavonoids and carotenoids like lycopene and beta-carotene are derived) has been used to enhance the flavonoid/carotenoid content of the fruit, improving its nutritional and antioxidant value. Ferritin (an iron-storage protein transgene, used in iron-biofortified rice), chalcone isomerase (a flavonoid pathway …

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was the first transgenic plant to be produced, engineered with an antibiotic-resistance gene.

In the early 1980s, scientists used Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer to introduce a foreign gene conferring antibiotic resistance into tobacco plant cells, and regenerated whole transgenic tobacco plants that stably expressed and transmitted the new gene to thei …