Q.The normal boiling point of ethyl acetate is 77.06 ⁰C. A solution of 50 g of a nonvolatile solute in 150 g of ethyl acetate boils at 84.27 ⁰C. Evaluate the molar mass of solute if $K_b$ for ethyl acetate is 2.77 ⁰C kg mol⁻¹.

Boiling point elevation is the rise in a solution's boiling point above the pure solvent's boiling point, caused by dissolving a nonvolatile solute: $\Delta T_b=T_b-T_b^0$. It follows directly from vapour pressure lowering -- since the solution's vapour pressure is lower than the pure solvent's at every temperature, the solution's vapour-pressure-vs-temperature curve sits below the solvent's curve, so a HIGHER temperature is needed for the solution's curve to reach the 760 mm (1 atm) line where boiling occurs. Experimentally, $\Delta T_b$ is directly proportional to molality: $\Delta T_b=K_bm$, where $K_b$ (the ebullioscopic or molal elevation constant) is a property of the solvent alone, numerically equal to the elevation a 1-molal solution would produce. This becomes a molar-mass-determination formula: substituting molality's definition ($m=1000W_2/(M_2W_1)$) gives $M_2=\dfrac{1000K_bW_2}{\Delta T_bW_1}$. Molality (not molarity) is used throughout because these measurements involve a genuinely changing temperature, and molality (mass-based) stays fixed regardless of temperature while molarity (volume-based) drifts slightly. A pressure cooker exploits the reverse effect on a pure liquid: raising the applied pressure raises water's boiling point, cooking food faster at that higher temperature.