Question 47 of 83
Q.Write short notes on the structure of tRNA.
Puducherry TnboardTamil Nadu HSC (DGE) Board 2017Subjective· 5mImportance★★★★★
57% · 47/83 Questions
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tRNA's clover-leaf shape has an amino-acid-carrying end and an anticodon 'reading' loop.
tRNA (transfer RNA) is a small single-stranded RNA molecule (about 75-90 nucleotides long) that folds upon itself through intramolecular base pairing into a characteristic clover-leaf secondary structure (which further folds into an L-shaped tertiary structure functional in the ribosome). The clover-leaf has four main regions:
- Acceptor stem -- ends at the 3' terminus in the universal sequence CCA, the site where a specific amino acid is covalently attached (aminoacylation) by the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; the 5' end of the molecule also base-pairs here.
- D-arm (dihydrouridine arm) -- contains the modified base dihydrouridine and helps the correct aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase recognise the tRNA.
- Anticodon arm -- contains the anticodon loop bearing a 3-nucleotide anticodon sequence, which base-pairs in an antiparallel, complementary fashion with the corresponding codon on the mRNA during translation. …
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