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Q.How glucose is prepared from cane sugar? Write the formula of the complex copper (II) hexacyano ferrate (II).

Maharashtra MsbshseMaharashtra HSC (MSBSHSE) Board 2018Subjective· 3mImportance★★★★★
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Acid hydrolysis of sucrose gives glucose + fructose (separated by crystallisation); the named coordination compound has formula Cu2[Fe(CN)6]Cu_2[Fe(CN)_6].

Preparation of glucose from cane sugar: sucrose (cane sugar), a disaccharide, is hydrolysed by boiling with dilute hydrochloric acid (or treatment with the enzyme invertase), which cleaves the glycosidic bond joining its glucose and fructose units:

C12H22O11 (sucrose)+H2O→dil. HCl, ΔC6H12O6 (glucose)+C6H12O6 (fructose)C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}\ (\text{sucrose}) + H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{dil. HCl},\ \Delta} C_6H_{12}O_6\ (\text{glucose}) + C_6H_{12}O_6\ (\text{fructose})

This 1:1 glucose-fructose mixture ('invert sugar') is neutralised (e.g. with CaCO3CaCO_3), and glucose — being less soluble than fructose — is isolated by careful fractional/selective crystallisation on cooling and concentrating the solution.

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