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Exercise · Q18

Q.Give the shapes (structure only) of N2O\text{N}_2\text{O}, NO\text{NO}, NO2\text{NO}_2 and N2O5\text{N}_2\text{O}_5.

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Nitrous oxide, N2O\text{N}_2\text{O} (+1+1): a linear molecule, N ⁣= ⁣N ⁣= ⁣O\text{N}\!=\!\text{N}\!=\!\text{O}, isoelectronic with CO2\text{CO}_2, nitrogen spsp hybridised. Nitric oxide, NO (+2+2): a small, linear diatomic molecule that is paramagnetic, since it has one unpaired electron in an antibonding π∗\pi^* molecular orbital. Nitrogen dioxide, NO2\text{NO}_2 (+4+4): a bent ('V-shaped') molecule with a bond angle of about 134∘134^\circ -- wider than a typical bent triatomic because the central nitrogen carries an unpaired, odd electron rather than a full lone pair, so NO2 is also paramagnetic; it dimerises reversibly to the colourless N2O4\text{N}_2\text{O}_4. Dinitrogen pentoxide, N2O5\text{N}_2\text{O}_5 (+5+5): as a covalent gas-phase molecule it is planar, but on crystallising it adopts an entirely ionic sol …

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