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Numericals · Q25

Q.A 25 μF\mu F capacitor, a 0.10 H inductor and a 25 Ω\Omega resistor are connected in series with an AC source whose emf is given by e=310sin⁡(314t)e = 310\sin(314t) (volt). What is the frequency, reactance, impedance, current and phase angle of the circuit?

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Given e=310sin⁡(314t)e=310\sin(314t) V, so e0=310e_0=310 V, ω=314\omega=314 rad/s; C=25 μFC=25\,\mu F, L=0.10L=0.10 H, R=25 ΩR=25\,\Omega. Frequency: f=ω2π=3146.284≈50f=\dfrac{\omega}{2\pi}=\dfrac{314}{6.284}\approx50 Hz.\n\nXL=ωL=314×0.10=31.4 ΩX_L=\omega L=314\times0.10=31.4\,\Omega. XC=1ωC=1314×25×10−6=17.85×10−3≈127.39 ΩX_C=\dfrac{1}{\omega C}=\dfrac{1}{314\times25\times10^{-6}}=\dfrac{1}{7.85\times10^{-3}}\approx127.39\,\Omega.\n\nNet reactance: ∣XL−XC∣=∣31.4−127.39∣=95.99 Ω≈95.98 Ω|X_L-X_C|=|31.4-127.39|=95.99\,\Omega\approx95.98\,\Omega. Impedance: Z=R2+(XL−XC)2=252+95.992=625+9214.1=9839.1≈99.19 ΩZ=\sqrt{R^2+(X_L-X_C)^2}=\sqrt{25^2+95.99^2}=\sqrt{625+9214.1}=\sqrt{9839.1}\approx99.19\,\Omega.\n\nPeak current: i0=e0/Z=310/99.19≈3.125i_0=e_0/Z=310/99.19\approx3.125 A; rms current irms=i0/2≈2.210i_{rms}=i_0/\sqrt2\approx2.210 A (≈2.211\approx2.211 A). Phase angle: $\tan\phi=\dfrac{X_C-X_L}{R}=\dfrac{ …

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