Q.Explain ABO blood group system in human being with a suitable chart.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →The ABO system is controlled by gene I with three alleles (I^A, I^B codominant to each other; i recessive to both): genotype I^A I^A or I^A i gives blood group A; I^B I^B or I^B i gives blood group B; I^A I^B gives bl...
Three alleles of one gene (I^A, I^B, i) combine to produce the four human ABO blood groups.
The ABO blood group system in humans is controlled by a single gene, I, which exists in three allelic forms: I^A and I^B, which are codominant to each other (both are expressed together if present), and i, which is recessive to both I^A and I^B. This gives rise to six possible genotypes producing four distinct phenotypes (blood groups), summarised in the following chart:
| Genotype | Blood Group | Antigen on RBC | Antibody in plasma |
|---|---|---|---|
| I^A I^A or I^A i | A | Antigen A | Anti-B |
| I^B I^B or I^B i | B | Antigen B | Anti-A |
| I^A I^B | AB | Antigens A and B | None |
| ii | O | None | Anti-A and Anti-B |
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