Q.In bird population of newly formed volcanic island, a rare allele of a gene was noted to be much more prevalent than the populations of same species on the mainland. This is known as ______ effect.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →(a) Founder effect — when a small group colonises a new, isolated habitat (like a volcanic island), the allele frequencies of that small founding group (which may by chance over-represent a rare allele) become fixed i...
Genetic drift in a small founding population that colonises a new habitat is called the founder effect.
Genetic drift is the random change in allele frequency due to chance sampling, and it is strongest in small populations. When only a few individuals from a large mainland population colonise a new, geographically isolated area (such as an oceanic/volcanic island), the gene pool they carry is only a small, random sample of the parent population's gene pool. By chance, a rare allele may be present at unusually high frequency among these few founders, and because the new population grows largely from their descendants, that allele remains disproportio …
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