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Organisation of Commerce and Management · Class 12 Commerce

Ch 7Consumer Protection — Class 12 Organisation of Commerce and Management, concept-first.

A market economy runs on countless daily transactions between businesses and the people who buy their goods and use their services. In most of these transactions the seller knows far more than the buyer — about what is really inside a packet, how a product was made, or what a service actually costs to deliver.

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Key concepts

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Meaning, Importance and Definition of a Consumer

Consumer protection means safeguarding buyers against unfair, restrictive and deceptive trade practices and giving them a fair, quick route to redress — needed because consumers are scattered and comparatively powerless…

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Chapter contents

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1

Meaning and Importance of Consumer Protection

A market economy runs on countless daily transactions between businesses and the people who buy their goods and use their services.

2

Who is a Consumer? — Definition under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019

Consumer protection law starts by defining precisely who counts as a consumer, because only a consumer, as defined, can use the protections and the redressal machinery this chapter describes.

3

Consumer Rights

The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 sets out a defined list of consumer rights — entitlements a consumer can invoke and that the redressal machinery is built to enforce.

4

Consumer Responsibilities

Rights come with responsibilities — a consumer who wants the law's protection must also act with reasonable care and awareness.

5

Ways and Means of Consumer Protection

Consumer protection in practice is not delivered by any one actor alone — it rests on several complementary mechanisms working together.

6

The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 — Key Features

The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 replaced the earlier Consumer Protection Act, 1986, and came into force in 2020.

7

Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions — the Three-Tier Machinery

When self-regulation, business associations and government measures do not resolve a dispute, the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 provides a dedicated, quasi-judicial three-tier machinery — called Consu…

8

Consumer Awareness

Consumer protection ultimately depends on consumers themselves being aware of their rights, responsibilities and the redressal machinery — which is exactly why the Right to Consumer Education (Section…

Sample & Board Papers

Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.

+Show 38 questions38 questions
  1. Q1Correct the underlined word and rewrite the following sentence In India, **sellers** are widely dispersed and are not united.Preview
  2. Q2Arrange in proper order. District Judge, Supreme Court Judge, High Court JudgePreview
  3. Q3Explain the following term/concept. Lok AdalatPreview
  4. Q4Distinguish between. District Commission and National CommissionPreview
  5. Q5State any four rights of the consumer.Preview
  6. Q6Explain the ways and means of Consumer Protection.Preview
  7. Q7The President of District Forum is ______. (a) District Judge (b) High Court Judge (c) Supreme Court JudgePreview
  8. Q8The consumer, being the king of the market, does not have any responsibility. (a) True (b) FalsePreview
  9. Q9Lok Adalat can rightly be described as "People's Court". (a) True (b) FalsePreview
  10. Q10Explain the following term/concept. Janhit YachikaPreview
  11. Q11Distinguish between the following: State Commission and National Commission.Preview
  12. Q12Explain any four needs of consumer protection.Preview
  13. Q13Explain any four responsibilities of the consumer.Preview
  14. Q14In India, the consumer protection act was initiated in the year ______. (a) 1947 (b) 1989 (c) 1986Preview
  15. Q15The seller has to recognize the rights of the Consumer. (a) True (b) FalsePreview
  16. Q16Explain the following term/concept: Right to choosePreview
  17. Q17Study the following case/situation and express your opinion. Mr. Ashok visited a shop to buy a pair of shoes for Rs. 700. The salesman force…Preview
  18. Q18Distinguish between the following: District Commission and State CommissionPreview
  19. Q19State any four rights of the consumer.Preview
  20. Q20Give one word/phrase/term for the following sentence. One who consumes or uses any commodity or service.Preview
  21. Q21Consumer Protection Act provides protection to the producer. (a) True (b) FalsePreview
  22. Q22Find the odd one. (a) District Commission (b) State Commission (c) NGO (d) National CommissionPreview
  23. Q23Explain the following term/concept: Consumer ProtectionPreview
  24. Q24Distinguish between the following: District Commission and State CommissionPreview
  25. Q25Explain the responsibilities of a consumer.Preview
  26. Q26Justify the following statement: Consumer organisations and non-government organisations play an important role in consumer education.Preview
  27. Q27State whether the following statement is true or false: Lok Adalat can rightly be described as people’s court.Preview
  28. Q28Arrange in proper order. District Judge, Supreme Court Judge, High Court JudgePreview
  29. Q29Explain the following term/concept. Janhit YachikaPreview
  30. Q30Distinguish between. District Commission and National CommissionPreview
  31. Q31State any four rights of the consumer.Preview
  32. Q32Justify the following statement. The aim of the consumer organization is to protect the rights of the consumer.Preview
  33. Q33In the modern competitive market, consumers are regarded as the ______. (a) king (b) representative (c) superintendentPreview
  34. Q34Ultimate goal of business must be satisfaction of the ______. (a) shareholders (b) consumers (c) ownersPreview
  35. Q35Write a word / phrase / term which can substitute the following statement: The right of a consumer which allows him to express his reviews.Preview
  36. Q36Distinguish between the following: District forum and State commission.Preview
  37. Q37Write short notes on the following: Importance of consumer protection.Preview
  38. Q38State with reasons whether the following statement is True or False: The Consumer Protection Act was passed in the interest of the sellers.Preview

More questions

11 Q
+Show 5 questions5 questions
  1. Q3Define a 'consumer' as per the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.Free
  2. Q4State any four rights of a consumer.Free
  3. Q5State any four responsibilities of a consumer.Preview
  4. Q6What is the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA)? State any two of its powers.Preview
  5. Q10Write a short note on product liability under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.Preview
+Show 2 questions2 questions
  1. Q1A person who buys goods exclusively for resale in his own shop is: (a) A consumer under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 (b) Not a consumer…Free
  2. Q2Under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, a complaint where the value of goods or services as consideration paid is ₹2 crore should ordinaril…Preview
+Show 4 questions4 questions
  1. Q7Explain the ways and means of consumer protection.Free
  2. Q8Explain the key features of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.Free
  3. Q9Describe the three-tier consumer disputes redressal machinery under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, along with the pecuniary jurisdiction…Preview
  4. Q11Write a note on consumer awareness in India.Preview