Q.(a) Give any four significances of fertilization in human.

Significances of fertilization in humans include restoration of diploid chromosome number, determination of sex of the offspring, initiation of embryonic development and combination of parental genetic material produc...

Fertilization restores diploidy, determines sex and starts development; ectoderm forms skin/nervous system while mesoderm forms muscle/skeleton.

(a) Any four significances of fertilization in humans: (1) It restores the diploid (2n) chromosome number in the zygote by combining a haploid sperm and a haploid ovum. (2) The sex chromosome carried by the fertilising sperm (X or Y) determines the genetic sex of the resulting offspring. (3) Fertilization activates the egg and initiates the process of embryonic (cleavage and subsequent) development, which would not otherwise occur. (4) It combines genetic material from both parents, introducing genetic variation and hybrid characteristics into the offspring, which is important for the species' evolutionary adaptability. (5) It stimulates hormonal changes (such as continued corpus luteum activity) that help maintain pregnancy. …