Concept understanding — Integrals of the Form ∫ (px+q)/(ax²+bx+c) dx
When the numerator of a quadratic-denominator (or quadratic-under-a-root) integral is linear rather than constant, it is first rewritten as px+q=A⋅dxd(ax2+bx+c)+B, with A,B found by comparing coefficients (or, for square-root denominators, dxdax2+bx+c analogues). This splits the integral into an A-piece, which is a pure "log of the denominator" (or, under a root, "square root of the denominator") found by the substitution t=ax2+bx+c, plus a B-piece of the standard quadratic-denominator type solved by completing the square. The identical idea, applied after first rationalising a surd ratio like x−bx−a by multiplying inside the root by the same factor top and bottom, also handles integrals whose linear-over-square-root shape is disguised inside a fraction of two linear expressions under a single square root.
Split the numerator into a multiple of the derivative of the denominator plus a constant.
✓Final answer
21log2x2+3x−1+2173log4x+3+174x+3−17+c
Derivative of denominator is 4x+3. Write 2x+3=A(4x+3)+B: 4A=2⇒A=21, 3A+B=3⇒B=23.
So ∫2x2+3x−12x+3dx=21∫2x2+3x−14x+3dx+23∫2x2+3x−1dx.
First: 21log2x2+3x−1.
Second: factor out 2 and complete the square, 2x2+3x−1=2[(x+43)2−1617], giving 171log4x+3+174x+3−17, so the 23 term contributes 2173log4x+3+174x+3−17.
✓Final answer
21log2x2+3x−1+2173log4x+3+174x+3−17+c
Split numerator into derivative-of-denominator + constant, then log + completing-the-square log forms
Forgetting to factor the leading coefficient 2 out before completing the square, giving a wrong value of a under the square root.