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Zoology · Class 11 Science

Ch 6Biology and Human Welfare — Class 11 Zoology, concept-first.

Living organisms rarely live in isolation. Many species have evolved close, long-term associations with other species, and one of the commonest of these associations is parasitism — a relationship in which one organism (the parasite) lives in or on another organism (the host), draws its nourishment from the host, and u…

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Parasitism Fundamentals

Living organisms rarely live in isolation. Many species have evolved close, long-term associations with other species, and one of the commonest of these associations is parasitism — a relationship in…

2

Entamoeba histolytica and Amoebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica is a microscopic, unicellular protozoan parasite that lives in the large intestine (colon) of humans and is the causative organism of amoebiasis, commonly known as amoebic dysent…

3

Plasmodium vivax and Malaria

Plasmodium vivax is a sporozoan protozoan parasite and one of the principal causative agents of malaria in India.

4

Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascariasis

Ascaris lumbricoides, commonly called the giant intestinal roundworm, is one of the largest and most common nematode parasites of the human small intestine, and the causative agent of ascariasis.

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Wuchereria bancrofti and Filariasis

Wuchereria bancrofti is a slender, thread-like nematode parasite that lives in the human lymphatic system and is the principal cause of lymphatic filariasis, popularly known as elephantiasis in its ad…

6

Other Infectious Diseases

Alongside the four major parasitic infections detailed in this chapter, several other infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi are of everyday public-health importance.

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Public Health

Public health is the organised effort of society, communities and individuals to prevent disease, prolong life, and promote physical and mental well-being, rather than simply treating illness after it…

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Tobacco, Drug and Alcohol (TDA) Abuse

62 Q

Beyond infectious disease, this chapter also surveys a very different but equally serious threat to human welfare: the misuse of tobacco, alcohol and psychoactive drugs, collectively referred to as TD…

+Very Short Answer Questions32 questions
  1. Q1Define a facultative parasite. Give an example of the kind of organism that shows this habit.Free
  2. Q2Define an obligate parasite. Name any two obligate parasites described in this chapter.Free
  3. Q3Distinguish between a definitive host and an intermediate host.Free
  4. Q4What are a vector and a reservoir host?Preview
  5. Q5Distinguish between a mechanical vector and a biological vector, with one example of each.Preview
  6. Q6What are hyperparasites?Preview
  7. Q7What is parasitic castration?Preview
  8. Q8What is neoplasia?Preview
  9. Q9Distinguish between hypertrophy and hyperplasia.Preview
  10. Q10Define health and disease.Preview
  11. Q11Why is Entamoeba histolytica described as an obligate anaerobe?Preview
  12. Q12What is the reserve food material found in Entamoeba histolytica, and where is it most conspicuously seen?Preview
  13. Q13What is a metacystic trophozoite?Preview
  14. Q14How is amoebic dysentery diagnosed in the laboratory?Preview
  15. Q15Distinguish between primary amoebiasis and secondary amoebiasis.Preview
  16. Q16What is meant by the prepatent period in malaria?Preview
  17. Q17What are Schuffner's dots?Preview
  18. Q18What is haemozoin?Preview
  19. Q19Distinguish between schizogony and sporogony in the life cycle of Plasmodium.Preview
  20. Q20What is exflagellation?Preview
  21. Q21What are anisogamy and the ookinete in the life cycle of Plasmodium?Preview
  22. Q22What is the exo-erythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium vivax?Preview
  23. Q23What is the significance of sporogony and the sporozoites it produces?Preview
  24. Q24What are hypnozoites?Preview
  25. Q25Name and distinguish the two tertian fevers caused by malaria parasites.Preview
  26. Q26What is a mammillated egg?Preview
  27. Q27Distinguish between the male and female Wuchereria bancrofti.Preview
  28. Q28What is nocturnal periodicity, as seen in Wuchereria microfilariae?Preview
  29. Q29Distinguish between lymphadenitis and lymphangitis.Preview
  30. Q30What is elephantiasis?Preview
  31. Q31Name the causative pathogens of typhoid fever, pneumonia, the common cold and ringworm.Preview
  32. Q32Distinguish between drug dependence and drug addiction.Preview
+Short Answer Questions24 questions
  1. Q1Explain the different types of host-parasite relationships: definitive host, intermediate host, vector and reservoir host.Free
  2. Q2Describe the structure of the trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica.Free
  3. Q3Describe the precystic and cystic stages in the life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica.Free
  4. Q4Explain the pathogenicity of Entamoeba histolytica in the human body.Preview
  5. Q5What is amoebic dysentery? Describe its symptoms and laboratory diagnosis.Preview
  6. Q6Describe the erythrocytic (blood) cycle of Plasmodium vivax in man.Preview
  7. Q7Describe the exo-erythrocytic (hepatic) cycle of Plasmodium vivax.Preview
  8. Q8Explain exflagellation and gametogony in the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax.Preview
  9. Q9Explain anisogamy and the formation of the ookinete in the mosquito host of Plasmodium.Preview
  10. Q10Explain the biological control of mosquitoes as a method of malaria control.Preview
  11. Q11Describe the external structure of Ascaris lumbricoides.Preview
  12. Q12Explain the extra-intestinal migration route of Ascaris larvae in the human body.Preview
  13. Q13What is ascariasis? Mention its symptoms and prevention.Preview
  14. Q14Describe the general structure and habitat of Wuchereria bancrofti.Preview
  15. Q15Explain the pathogenicity of Wuchereria bancrofti, referring to lymphadenitis, lymphangitis and elephantiasis.Preview
  16. Q16Explain nocturnal periodicity in Wuchereria microfilariae and its diagnostic significance.Preview
  17. Q17Write a short note on typhoid fever, mentioning its pathogen, symptoms and prophylaxis.Preview
  18. Q18Write a short note on pneumonia, mentioning its pathogen, symptoms and prophylaxis.Preview
  19. Q19Write a short note on the common cold, mentioning its pathogen, symptoms and prophylaxis.Preview
  20. Q20Write a short note on ringworm (dermatophytosis), mentioning its pathogen, symptoms and prophylaxis.Preview
  21. Q21Explain the role of public health and personal hygiene in the prevention of infectious disease.Preview
  22. Q22Explain how overcrowding is linked to a higher incidence of infectious disease.Preview
  23. Q23Explain the harmful effects of tobacco use on the human respiratory system.Preview
  24. Q24Write a short note on drugs of abuse, covering hallucinogenic plants, substances banned in sports, and medicinally useful drugs that are abu…Preview
+Essay Questions6 questions
  1. Q1Describe, with reference to each stage, the complete life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica.Free
  2. Q2Describe, with reference to each stage, the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax in man.Free
  3. Q3Describe, with reference to each stage, the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax in the mosquito.Preview
  4. Q4Describe, with reference to each stage, the complete life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides.Preview
  5. Q5Describe, with reference to each stage, the complete life cycle of Wuchereria bancrofti.Preview
  6. Q6Write an essay on adolescence and the problem of tobacco, drug and alcohol (TDA) abuse.Preview

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